There are many kinds of commonly used fertilizers, different fertilizer traits are different, the usage is also different, some are suitable for bottom fertilizer, some are suitable for topdressing, some are suitable for seed fertilizer, and different crops have different demand for fertilizer. In short, only the right fertilizer can be used to achieve the best results.
Urea is neutral, suitable for all kinds of soils and various crops. It should be used as base fertilizer, top dressing, and can not be used as seed fertilizer.
Calcium superphosphate is weakly acidic, can be used as base fertilizer, seed fertilizer and top dressing. It is suitable for neutral or acidic soil. It should be applied with organic fertilizer, and the top dressing should be sprayed outside the filtrate.
Ammonium nitrate is weakly acidic and can be used as a top dressing. It cannot be used as a base fertilizer or a seed fertilizer. Early spring crops should not be applied, and should not be mixed with organic fertilizers and tanning; applied to paddy fields due to denitrification, which is often used in dryland crops.
Ammonium chloride physiological acid fertilizer, can be used as base fertilizer, top dressing, can not be used as seed fertilizer. Applicable to calcareous soil or partially acid soil, but it should not be applied to saline soil and tobacco, grape, potato and other chlorine-free crops.
Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizers should be used as base fertilizer and early topdressing.
Calcium, magnesium and phosphorus fertilizers are weakly alkaline and can be used as base fertilizers. They are generally not suitable for topdressing and are suitable for acidic soils.
Potassium sulphate physiological acid fertilizer can be used as base fertilizer and top dressing. Potassium sulphate is suitable for all kinds of crops, especially for chlorhexidine potassium crops. In the integrated water and fertilizer system, potassium sulfate is used in small-area fields, and it is generally difficult to dissolve. However, in large-scale farmland, the dosage is large and the dissolution is slow, which seriously affects the rate of fertilization.
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate is currently used for soaking and root dressing, and the effect is very good.
Nitrogen and potassium compound fertilizer should be used as a top dressing for the potassium-tolerant chlorine crop. If it is potassium nitrate, paddy fields should not be applied.
Potassium chloride physiological acid fertilizer, suitable as base fertilizer, applied on acidic soil, it is best to use organic fertilizer or lime, salt and alkali should not be applied, avoid chlorine crops should not be applied.
Nitrogen and phosphorus compound fertilizers such as ammonium phosphate are suitable for various soils and various crops, and should be used as base fertilizers.
These fat common senses must be known!
1. Acidic fertilizer cannot be mixed with alkaline fertilizer
Ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate and ammonium phosphate cannot be mixed with alkaline fertilizers such as grass ash, lime, kiln ash and potassium fertilizer, and neutralization reaction will occur, resulting in loss of nitrogen and reducing fertilizer efficiency.
2, chlorine-containing fertilizers should not be used in saline-alkali land and avoid chlorine crops
Chlorine crops such as sugar beet, potato, tea tree, peach tree, grape, sugar cane, citrus, tobacco, and berry are considered to be typical chlorine-repellent crops. Some crops are sensitive to chlorine, and when they exceed a certain amount, they can inhibit growth, such as sweet potato, flue-cured tobacco, lettuce, cabbage, strawberry, grape, apple sapling, tea tree, potato, beet, citrus, sugar cane, pepper, lettuce , amaranth, watermelon, etc., and some crops are less sensitive to chlorine and need to have adverse effects on growth at higher levels, such as cotton, kiwi, tomato, beet, rice, millet, sorghum, wheat, barley. , corn, ryegrass, eggplant, peas, chrysanthemums, etc. Even chlorine-sensitive crops need to absorb chlorine, but only in relatively small quantities. As long as it is a reasonable application of chlorine-containing fertilizers, it will not only cause damage to crops, but also promote growth.
3. Nitrogen fertilizer should not be applied shallowly or before watering.
Nitrogen fertilizers are generally converted to ammonium nitrogen after being applied to the soil, which is easily lost with water or volatilized by light and heat, and loses fertilizer efficiency.
4, ammonium bicarbonate and urea can not be mixed
The amide nitrogen in urea can not be absorbed by crops. It can only be used by crops after being converted into ammonium nitrogen by the action of gland enzymes in the soil. After carbon iron is applied to the soil, the soil solution will be acidic in a short time and will accelerate. The volatilization loss of nitrogen in urea cannot be mixed. Ammonium bicarbonate can not be mixed with bacterial fertilizer, because the former will emit a certain concentration of ammonia gas, which has a toxic effect on the latter's active bacteria, which will make the bacterial fertilizer lose its fertilizer effect.
5. Nitrogen fertilizer should not be applied to legumes.
There are nitrogen-fixing rhizobium in the roots of legumes. Excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer will not only cause waste, but also make the crops more mature and affect the yield.
6, phosphate fertilizer should not be used indiscriminately
The phosphorus element in the phosphate fertilizer is easily absorbed and fixed by the soil, and the fertilizer effect is lost. The phosphate fertilizer and the fertilizer should be mixed and piled up for a period of time, and then the ditch or the hole is applied near the root of the crop.
7. Fertilizers with higher phosphorus content should not be used for vegetables.
Vegetables require relatively little phosphorus.
8, potassium fertilizer should not be used in the late stage of crop growth
When there is a symptom of potassium deficiency, the crop growth is nearing the late stage. At this time, the top dressing has not played much role. Therefore, the potash should be applied to the crop seedling stage in advance or used as a base fertilizer.
9. Rare earth fertilizer should not be directly applied to the soil.
The amount of rare earth fertilizer is small, and the correct method of use is to mix rare earth fertilizers for foliar application.
10. It is not advisable to apply fertilizers regardless of crop varieties and growth period.
Different crops and crops of different growth stages have different needs for the variety and quantity of fertilizers. Fertilization regardless of crops and period can only be counterproductive.
11, ammonium sulfate avoid long-term application
Ammonium sulphate is a physiological acid fertilizer. When applied to the same soil for a long time, it will increase its acidity and destroy the granule structure. In alkaline soil, the ammonium ion of ammonium sulphate is absorbed, while the acid ion remains in the soil and reacts with calcium to make the soil The knot becomes hard.
12. Unfertilized farmyard manure and cake fertilizer should not be used directly.
Unfertilized farmyard manure and cake fertilizer contain a variety of eggs and germs, and also produce a lot of carbon dioxide gas and heat. Direct use will pollute the soil, accelerate the evaporation of soil moisture, burn out the roots of crops, and affect the germination of seeds. The correct method of use is to first fully pile up the farmyard manure and cake fertilizer, and then use it after high temperature disinfection or chemical treatment.
More pesticide knowledge , please pay attention to China Pesticide Network
(Source: Good Agricultural Investment Merchants Network)
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