Figure 1
Figure II
In the absence of major diseases (downy mildew, white powder, white rot) and fertilizers, the leaves of the central leaves are dry or dry between the leaves, including open field, cold shed and rain-proof cultivation mode, which directly affects the photosynthetic products. Accumulation and transshipment, resulting in fruit malnutrition, poor fruiting, poor sugar coloring, and even the risk of "water tank disease", lightly reduced production, but not harvested.
Symptom diagnosis
The symptoms of dry edge of the leaf edge gradually turn brown from the edge of the leaf to the leaf. The initial stage only occurs in the leaf margin and gradually spreads to the entire leaf edge. In severe cases, most of the leaves are dry. (See Figure 1.) The symptoms of dryness between the leaves are mostly in the middle of the cold shed or shelter. The chlorosis between the veins turns brown, the veins are still green, and the green veins are clearly visible. Leaves with severe disease have lost their photosynthetic function, becoming ineffective leaves that only consume nutrients and cannot produce nutrients, which have threatened the normal growth and fruit ripening of grapes. (See Figure 2)
Both of these diseases are physiological leaf abnormalities, mainly due to root damage, or the soil is not in a state of airtightness for a long time, the absorption and transport of nutrients and water are blocked, and the upper part is in a high temperature environment, resulting in imbalance of nutrient supply and demand of plants. "Yellow-yellow disease." There is also a situation that can lead to dry leaves or even whole plant death. That is to apply too much chemical fertilizer at one time, without watering or rain, and the grapes are in a high temperature environment. The farmer commonly refers to this situation as "fertilizer". .
Responses
1. When damaging, timely ditches the drain or drain the pump.
2. Under the condition that the soil compaction is not ventilated, the soil can be ploughed in time, and it can be used for rowing or shallow application of garden cultivator to increase soil permeability. This is one of the most direct and effective measures.
3. The base fertilizer is added with fully decomposed organic fertilizer or commercial bio-organic fertilizer.
4. Scientific application of NPK compound fertilizer and chemical fertilizers such as medium and trace elements, with a small amount of multiple times, combined with irrigation.
5. In the middle and late stages of grape growth, the application of quick-acting full-nutrient foliar fertilizer, functional foliar fertilizer containing amino acid or humic acid.
6. Strengthen the prevention of root diseases and diseases leading to early defoliation, promote root development and nutrient accumulation of trees, and improve the resilience of trees.
(Yao Zhenling)
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