Ferrous metals, steel and non-ferrous metals

Before introducing the classification of steel, briefly introduce the basic concepts of ferrous metals, steel and non-ferrous metals.

1. Black metal refers to an alloy of iron and iron. Such as steel, pig iron, ferroalloy, cast iron and so on. Both steel and pig iron are iron-based alloys with carbon as the main additive element, collectively referred to as iron-carbon alloys.

Pig iron is a product obtained by smelting iron ore into a blast furnace and is mainly used for steel making and casting.

The cast pig iron is smelted in a molten iron furnace to obtain cast iron (liquid), and the liquid cast iron is cast into a casting, and the cast iron is called a cast iron piece.

Ferroalloy is an alloy composed of iron and elements such as silicon, manganese, chromium and titanium. Iron alloy is one of the raw materials for steel making. It is used as a deoxidizer and alloying element additive for steel during steel making.

2. Put the pig iron for steelmaking into the steelmaking furnace and smelt according to a certain process to obtain steel. Steel products include steel ingots, continuous casting billets and direct casting into various steel castings. Generally speaking, steel generally refers to steel that is rolled into various steel materials. Steel is a ferrous metal but steel is not exactly equal to ferrous.

3, non-ferrous metals, also known as non-ferrous metals, refers to metals and alloys other than ferrous metals, such as copper, tin, lead, zinc, aluminum and brass, bronze, aluminum alloys and bearing alloys. In addition, chromium, nickel, manganese, molybdenum, cobalt, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, etc. are also used in the industry. These metals are mainly used as alloy additions to improve the properties of metals. Among them, tungsten, titanium and molybdenum are used for the production of tools. Carbide. These non-ferrous metals are called industrial metals, in addition to precious metals: platinum, gold, silver, etc. and rare metals, including radioactive uranium, radium and the like.

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