How to apply cotton base fertilizer

Fertilizer is the material basis for high yield of cotton. Fertilization on demand is the highest principle of cotton fertilization. If conditions permit, soil fertilization should be carried out, and according to the soil available nutrient content and cotton high yield requirements, determine what fertilizer and fertilizer application. Therefore, the fertilization of different cotton fields should be different. However, most of the current areas can not do this. The main drawback is that a large number of compound fertilizers with the same amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are applied. Generally, 50 kg of “three 15%” compound fertilizer is applied per mu. During the recent trip to the countryside, the author learned that many cotton farmers still apply this way. This is extremely unreasonable. It not only increases the cost, but also fails to meet the high cotton production needs. It should be improved immediately. For most cotton fields in the north, the amount of potassium fertilizer should be increased to reduce the amount of phosphate fertilizer, while the nitrogen fertilizer should be mainly used for top dressing; or the formula fertilizer of “high potassium, low phosphorus and medium nitrogen” should be applied. If the nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer equivalent fertilizer has been prepared, the amount per mu should not exceed 25 kg, and then add 12.5 kg of potassium fertilizer as the base fertilizer; another 15 kg of urea is used as top dressing, which is more reasonable.
The application of the base fertilizer must be turned into the soil, the deeper the better, try to reduce the loss and give full play to the fertilizer effect. The author saw that most of the current cotton fields have not been cultivated and the land is prepared.
(1) Some cotton farmers are transporting farmyard manure to the cotton fields. The fertilizer to be applied is scattered on the surface of the farmland before the farmland, and it is turned into the ground together with the farmyard manure. The benefits are deep application, uniform application, and low nutrient loss, which can be absorbed and utilized by cotton roots distributed throughout.
(2) Install the fertilizer applicator on the planter, and carry out the sowing at the same time. The sowing fertilizer is applied in the middle of the two rows of cotton, and the deep application is 8 to 10 cm. The advantage is that the work is labor-saving, the fertilizer is concentrated, the nutrient loss is small, and the seedlings are used quickly. Because the fertilizer is applied before the seeds are germinated, it can still be regarded as the base fertilizer. Most of the 80,000-acre breeding farms in Guoxin Seeds are applied in this way.
(3) Design the line spacing and number of rows before the broadcast, insert the mark, first apply a line of fertilizer to the reserved two rows of cotton, apply more than 10 cm deep, and then plant the seed; the advantage is that the fertilizer is applied deep.
(4) If rotary tillage is used without ploughing, the fertilizer can be sprinkled on the surface before the rotary tillage, but it should be as deep as 15 cm. The disadvantage of this fertilization is that there is also some fertilizer in the upper dry soil, and there is a loss of nutrients.
It is most difficult to apply a shallow spin after fertilization, so that most of the fertilizer remains in the upper layer of the soil, and the nutrient loss is too great.
No matter whether it is fertilized before or after cultivating, it can be irrigated and watered. Calculated according to the amount of irrigation water of 60 to 80 square meters, the water depth is 9 to 12 cm. The fertilizer will not penetrate into the ground with water, but will be stored in the soil layer of 1 meter deep, which can be absorbed and utilized by cotton roots.
Bottom fertilizer is a key cotton high-yield measure, which is related to cotton yield and cotton planting benefits.
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