Now is the key period for the rapid growth and development of fruits and fruit expansion. The management of this period is related to the output and quality this year. In addition, citrus is about to enter the period of germination of autumn shoots. If you want to harvest a bumper harvest next year, you must release a certain number of strong autumn shoots!
To achieve this goal, it must be implemented in specific tasks such as pruning, fertilizing and placing autumn shoots and pest control.
How can I put the autumn shoots?
It is necessary to remember a few key time nodes (month. day): Xiaoshu 7.7, big heat 7.23, Liqiu 8.7, heat 8.23, Bailu 9.8
Putting autumn shoots: Most of the citrus-growing areas are between the summer heat and the summer heat. The autumn shoots that grow in this period are of good quality, well-organized, and have plenty of time for flower bud differentiation. It is too early to appear late autumn shoots or winter shoots. Too late, the tips are not mature enough, the leaves can not turn completely green, the spring flowers are not full, affecting the fruit set, reducing yield and quality.
The primordial tree of three or four years old, and the fruit tree of the age of five or six years of water and fertilizer, and the strong tree, should be placed in the autumn before the autumn. If the saplings are not fruitful, they can be postponed to the white dew and put the autumn shoots. In the high temperature and frost-free areas of Nanning and Chongzuo, you can go to the National Day (10.1) and put the autumn shoots.
Below these orchards, it is necessary to put the autumn shoots 10-20 days in advance, and it is recommended to put the autumn shoots during the summer heat to the summer heat:
1. Management is not in place and the tree is weak.
2. The big tree transplanted in winter and spring, the tree has just recovered.
3. Hillside land, water shortage and early maturing varieties orchards.
4. Too many results result in little or no summer shoots.
5. Fruit trees of more than ten years, gradually aging orchards.
6. The alpine mountainous areas of Guilin, Hechi and other places and the orchards that have cooled in the north.
The release of good autumn shoots must be based on adequate nutrition and then with moderate trimming.
First, the application of autumn fertilizer
1. Weed and fertilize the fruit trees first. In addition to supplementing humic acid, NPK, it is also necessary to supplement medium and trace elements, calcium, magnesium, zinc and other trace elements, which can play a role in enhancing color, increasing sugar and rooting, promoting roots and promoting shoots.
2. Suggestions on fertilization:
Shiqiu tip fertilizer is generally carried out 10-15 days before putting the autumn shoots.
Unsuccessful small tree: 1-2 kg of organic fertilizer per compound + 0.3-0.5 kg of compound fertilizer + 0.2 kg of urea. Or directly drunk Wang Cai good liquid carbon-containing compound fertilizer (high nitrogen type) 0.5 kg.
Trees with a priming yield of 20 pounds of fruit: 3-5 kg ​​of organic fertilizer per plant + 0.5 kg of compound fertilizer + 0.2 kg of medium and trace elements. Or directly drunk Wang Cai good liquid carbon-containing compound fertilizer 1-1.5 kg.
The result is more than 50 kg of trees: 10-20 kg of organic fertilizer + 1 kg of compound fertilizer + 0.3 kg of elemental fertilizer. Or directly pour Wangcai good liquid carbon-containing compound fertilizer 2-3 kg.
3. Note: Organic fertilizer must be fermented and decomposed. If you miss the fertilization time, it can also be used as a supplement for winter fertilizer.
Second, trimming tips
Trimming and tipping after fertilization is completed:
1. Cut out thin branches, dead branches, drooping touches, and dense branches.
2. Short cut high branches, long branches, broom branches, result pile heads and weak branch groups, open 10-30 cuts according to the size of the crown, and should not be cut into a spherical tree in the park landscape, like a shaved head! The small tree pays attention to the cultivation of the early skeleton, and the development of the shoots in all directions is balanced. Do not let the tree stand upright.
3. It is not advisable to cut too much, otherwise the autumn shoots will be too short, which will not help the fruit in the coming year.
Third, the prevention and control of pests before and after the fall
The main diseases are: anthrax, resin disease, ulcer disease, Huanglong disease and so on.
The main pests are: leaf miner, aphid, thrips, swallowtail butterfly, scorpionfish, scorpion, hibiscus, weevil, scorpion, beetle, scale insect, rust tick, red spider.
1. Commonly used diseases to prevent and cure diseases include: mancozeb, prochloraz, carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl, pyraclostrobin, difenoconazole and the like.
2. Agents for the prevention and treatment of ulcer disease include: copper hydroxide, king copper, zinc, zinc, sulphur, copper and the like.
3. Common insecticides are: acetamiprid, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, chlorpyrifos, pyrethroids.
4. Control of red spider medicinal agents: avermectin, sputum, spironolactone, acetylazole, alkyne and the like.
5. Rust wall cockroach control agent: butyl thiocarbamate and the general control of red spider ants.
Precautions:
1. Every time you spray, you should take prevention first! ! Use medicine in the early stages of pests and diseases! ! Usually spray once or twice a month, do not wait until you see the pests and drugs! !
2. There are 3-4 kinds of medicines for each spray, pay attention to the rotation of medicines, so as not to accelerate the resistance of pests and diseases, generally foliar fertilizer + fungicide + insecticide + acaricide .
3. Selectively use drugs according to different periods of occurrence of pests and diseases and different parts of the occurrence. Wo citrus and navel orange are prone to ulcer disease. The first method is to cut off the diseased fruit in time and spray it in the young leaves.
4. Prevention and control of rust tick, red spider, spray thoroughly and thoroughly, spray the wet leaves on both sides and the inner fruit, check the next day and the seventh day after spraying, the effect is poor to make up the spray. The rust tick is the peak of the hazard in May-October each year, causing a large amount of black fruit to appear and the loss is extremely great. Red spiders occur throughout the year and are sprayed every month.
5. Spray the medicine every time the shoots are 1-3 cm long. It is too late to see the leaves curl, eat the wormholes or cover the spots.
6. The control effect of pests and diseases has a great relationship with the degree of canopy closure and the degree of wetness of the orchard. Fruit tree pruning and trenching drainage work must be done in time. 7. The serious damage of the beetle often causes the plants to wither. The hazards are heavier from June to September. The orchards are often inspected and found to be harmed by injection and blocked with moist soil.
8. Gonggan and Maogu mandarin are prone to brown spot disease during high temperature and high humidity in June-September, causing a large number of branches and leaves in the upper part of the canopy to wither and fruit loss.
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