[submission] thinking about hard hat

Safety helmets, safety helmets in English, are not unfamiliar to employees. They are head protection devices against the collision of objects and head crashes. They are the most popular among all individual safety protection equipment and appliances. Wicker and rattan are commonly used. It is made of core or plastic, and there are two main forms: one is a shallow dome hat made of steel or similar raw material used by the miners and underground engineering personnel to protect the top of the head, and a worker wears it in an industrial production environment. Lightweight protective helmets, usually made of metal or reinforced plastic.

1 , about the type of helmet

Generally speaking, helmets play an irreplaceable role in personal protection during accidents in labor. They are called “safety treasures” by the majority of construction workers and are used by construction workers to protect their heads and prevent and mitigate various types of accidents. The important personal protective equipment that ensures life safety can be described as worker's "umbrella protection": When the operator's head is impacted by a falling object, the helmet cap shell and cap liner are used to instantaneously decompose the impact force to the entire area of ​​the skull. Then, using the elastic deformation, plastic deformation and allowable structural damage of the buffer structure in various parts of the helmet, most of the impact force is absorbed, so that the impact force that is finally applied to the personnel head is reduced to below 4900 N, thereby protecting the operator's The role of the head.

There are two types of hard hat products, general use (Y type) hard hat and special type (T type) hard hat, depending on the material and purpose. The main categories are as follows:

Regardless of the form, the validity period is calculated from the date the product is manufactured. Braided caps for plants are no longer than two years old, plastic caps and paper-plastic caps are no longer than two and a half years, and glass-fibre (vinylon steel) rubber caps are not more than three and a half years old.

2. The Importance of Hard Hats

The production of safety helmets must be strictly in accordance with the national standards of GB2811-2007 “Hard Hats”. The standard specifies the technical requirements, inspection rules, and labels for occupational safety helmets. GB/T 2812-2006 also covers safety helmets. Specifies a more detailed test method.

State Grid Corporation of China "Electrical Manufacturing Safety Work Regulations" stipulates that places where the head is vulnerable to external injuries must wear a safety helmet, which may cause harm to the human body or have dust pollution. The workplace such as a machine shop with rotating equipment must be protected. cap.

The "Standardization Rules for Safety Equipment in the Manufacturing Industry" clearly stipulates: positions where objects fall, impact, debris splashing, high temperature operations, high altitude operations, manual transport operations, and shovels, equipment, cranes, and pusher mechanical operations. Workers at the site should wear a safety helmet correctly, and the conspicuous position at the entrance should have the “must have a helmet logo” and be included in the exclusive terms of its “acceptance evaluation outline” (a weight of 20 points). The importance of safety helmets.

In terms of the correct selection and use of helmets, in general, the hazards of low-quality and low-cost helmets are only obvious and do not provide protection. In the selection of materials, the design of the inner lining does not meet the requirements of the national standard. When the impact is received, it cannot be deformed and dispersed in time. If these products are selected, once an accident occurs at work, it will cause great harm to the user's head. The light will cause concussions and the life threatening. Therefore, companies are required to purchase products with product certifications and safety signs, and the purchased products must be used after they are received. At the same time, according to the "Regulations on the Supervision and Administration of Labor Protective Products" (Order No. 1 of the National Bureau of Safety Supervision, Decree No. 1), the helmets that have expired must be spot checked and tested before they can be used. After that, they will be sampled once a year for failure. The batch of safety helmets will be scrapped. The safety production supervision and management departments at all levels shall supervise and urge the safety and technical departments of the enterprise to supervise the expired safety helmets, and they can be used and replaced on time.

3 , on the question of wearing a hard hat

In the standard use of helmets, "wearing to meet the standards, use to meet the requirements" is the most basic.

Theoretically speaking, all workers in the hanging and walking area should wear safety helmets, but in many industrial and mining enterprises for a long time, "what people, what time period, those places need to wear a helmet or what kind of helmet", this The problem that did not seem to be a problem has always been "having many problems." The implementation of "respect for each other" does not mean that the lack of system management is at least a typical "defective operation." At the same time, the workplace There are also cases where financial penalties are imposed without wearing a helmet.

Due to the specific provisions of the helmet-free (wearing) management document, such as: if you wear the same work under one roof, you wear it, and you can wear an ABS hard hat to enter the flammable and explosive places (such as gas station and (chemical warehouses, oil depots), places where helmets are required to be worn, collision prevention caps cannot be worn, and the next line of management staff and visitors from outside must be worn, the leak detectors need not be worn, and leakers, riveters, and scribes must wear them. Forklift drivers need to wear a helmet in the cab, outside inspection and wiring and other types of work in the end need to wear, not wearing a helmet should be assessed? And so on, there is no consensus.

All these things are different, these situations are commonplace in some industrial and mining enterprises. It is no wonder that some people dubiously claim that the status quo that such operators must wear when they are not fully worn by managers is “the heads of managers are more expensive”.

4. Doubts about bumper caps

It is understood that most of the helmets currently used by industrial and mining enterprises generally have two types: one is the more common printed national network logo and unified department serial number, the color is divided by the type of work, and the forklift, lifting, and Z members are assigned. , ABS plastic caps for special functions (such as "D" mark indicates that the helmet has insulation; T3 applies to flammable and explosive workplaces, etc.) and other management functions, the other is a common fabric Cap (scientific name crash cap).

The difference between the two is also quite obvious: As the general protective equipment, the anti-collision hat not only lacks the “LA” and “QS” signs, production date, and material, but also has vent holes on the structure, but the inner lining and EVA pads have Sponge nature, there is no obvious vertical spacing between the inside of the cap and the top of the head (the standard specifies a gap of 25~50mm between the cap and the cap liner), and there is no sweat-absorbent tape, and the cap on the forehead of the contact head is impermeable to gas and sweat. As a result, the weather became a little hot and people sweated. The workers were really miserable: Wear it - it's uncomfortably hot. If you don't wear it, you have to be assessed. You can be really reluctant to wear this kind of so-called "hard hat". .

In fact, the production of bumper caps is not groundless. As a kind of head protection product between a special safety helmet and an ordinary work cap, it is a portable protective product. The outer cap material is divided into polyester cotton and cotton. Its production complies with EN812:1997/A1:2001 EU standards. There are three advantages:

a: The crash cap is suitable for all working environments that may cause slight injury to the operator's head, and has a wide range of applications;

b: The crash cap is composed of special PE fabric shells and EVA pads. It is safe, comfortable, beautiful, fashionable and effective to reduce the damage to the operator's head and can enhance the corporate image.

c: The overall weight of the crash cap is about 210 g, which is one-half that of an ordinary helmet. It is lighter and more comfortable to wear.

The function is mainly anti-collision and anti-impact. It can effectively reduce the damage to the operator's head caused by active impact (inadvertent bumping) or falling objects. After all, the number of injuries caused by active collisions of enterprises is much greater than the height. The amount of damage caused by falling objects.

Due to the relative meticulousness, soundness, and reasonableness of the Western countries' standards for the protection of workers' protective products, different levels of protective equipment are provided for different operating environments to reduce occupational injuries reasonably and effectively. The anti-collision helmet is a new type in China. The head protection products in our country do not have corresponding standards and mandatory equipment requirements. Therefore, the use of crash caps by users, sellers, or regulatory authorities has not received attention.

5, on the selection of helmets

The most commonly contacted is the requirement that “no helmets are prohibited from entering the construction site”. This requires a clear distinction between two concepts:

Construction site or construction site: Construction Site in English is a term for construction, referred to as construction site, refers to construction activities for industrial and civil projects such as house construction, civil engineering, equipment installation, pipeline laying and other construction activities, and is approved for occupation by construction sites and humans. Sites for safe production, civilized work, and construction, including all lands, seas, and airborne areas where construction work can be performed, generally refer to the construction of major buildings.

Workplaces, also known as workplaces, English operating sites or working spaces, refer to jobs and all work sites where workers are required to stay or go for frequent, regular or regular work due to work reasons. For example, the workplace of a sanitation worker may be a road. The white-collar work place is the office of the office, and the supermarket salesperson's work place is the supermarket and so on. Legally speaking, it refers to the areas involved in the work and the reasonable areas that naturally extend.

The author enters relevant articles from multiple browsers on the Internet in an attempt to find out more information about “correct wearing or standard use of helmets”, but the results are basically the same, and there is no clear statement, but in general terms, each kind of helmet has Certain technical performance indicators and scope of application, so choose to choose the appropriate products based on the industry and operating environment used. For example, the construction industry generally chooses type Y helmets; the electric power industry should use T4 (insulation) type safety helmets for contact with power grids and electrical equipment; T3 type helmets should be used for operations in flammable and explosive environments.

For construction operations, helmets must be properly brought into the construction site. Maintenance and regular replacement. Do not drill holes in the helmet. Do not feel uncomfortable. Do not wear a cap, wear a safety helmet, or wear a brim behind your head. Do not use a helmet that only connects the lower jaw to the cap. , which is the helmet without a buffer layer. The construction personnel must not take off the helmet, place it aside, or use it as a seat cushion during field operations. It is not easy to expose to sunlight for a long time.

On the power construction site, the helmet worn by the workers is mainly to protect the head from harm. It can protect people's head from harm or reduce the degree of head injury in the following situations: (1) (2) When the operator falls from a height of 2m or more; (3) When the head may get an electric shock; (4) Walk in a low position. Or work, when the head may collide with a sharp, hard object.

According to the "Working Safety Regulations" and the actual needs of electricity production, electric power production personnel must enter the production and inspection and installation, the transformer substation high-pressure area (room), the basic construction site, the repair workshop, and high-altitude operations. Cap, this is an important measure to protect the personal safety of the production staff.

Safety helmets are also required for on-site indoor work. In particular, helmets must be carefully worn when working in the room, because the helmets not only prevent collisions, but also provide insulation. Always use a safety helmet to keep it clean and tidy. Do not touch the fire source. Do not apply paint to your face. Do not sit on a stool to prevent loss. If lost or damaged, it must be replaced or replaced immediately. Users cannot disassemble or add attachments to the helmet accidentally. The user cannot adjust the size of the cap liner. The safety helmet that has undergone a shock or test should be discarded and cannot be reused. Do not store in an environment contaminated with acids, alkalis, or chemicals. Do not store in a place exposed to high temperatures, sunlight, or moisture to prevent deterioration or deterioration.