Abstract Magnesium has an important role and potential in engineering. It is considered to be the lightest metal capable of bearing weight in structural metal materials and the eighth richest element in the earth's crust. However, on the other hand, in terms of strength and hardness, magnesium and other metals...
Magnesium has an important role and potential in engineering. It is considered to be the lightest metal capable of bearing weight in structural metal materials and the eighth richest element in the earth's crust. However, on the other hand, in terms of strength and hardness, magnesium may be slightly inferior to other metals. However, recently UCLA researchers published a report claiming that the use of magnesium and silicon carbide nanoparticles to synthesize a new composite material, with ultra-light, super load-bearing capacity, can benefit aviation, automotive, aviation and many other fields, to improve energy efficiency. Significance.
Dr. Li Xiaochun, a professor at the UCLA School of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, said: "For light metals like magnesium, researchers have suggested that nanoparticles can easily increase the strength of metals without compromising their plasticity. But no one has ever The ceramic nanoparticle is fully integrated with the molten metal until now." Dr. Li is also the leader of the entire research group.
It is reported that in the previous experiments, the researchers used microscale ceramic particles, but the plasticity of the material was greatly reduced. To overcome this problem, the researchers switched to nanoscale ceramic particles. As a result, the strength of magnesium metal was greatly enhanced, and the plasticity remained unchanged or sometimes greatly improved. However, the problem has followed, and nanoparticles tend to clump together rather than being evenly dispersed in metallic materials.
The researchers' biggest achievement is to improve the processing technology, using silicon carbide (commonly known as silicon carbide), a super-hard ceramic commonly used in industrial cutting sheets, to produce this new composite. Silicon carbides of less than 100 nanometers can be sufficiently dispersed in the molten state of the magnesium-zinc alloy, and the kinetic energy of the particles themselves prevents them from clumping together.
The material is then compressed by high-pressure torsion. At present, high-pressure torsion is very common in metal processing, and compressive force and torsional deformation act on materials at the same time. In the past two decades, high-pressure torsion methods have become increasingly popular in the industry because of the ability to produce high-strength and grain refinement materials (even nano-scale materials).
The resulting metal composite consisted of 14% silicon carbide nanoparticles and 86% magnesium. During the test, the new material exhibited the highest level of strength in the history of the relevant material (the maximum weight that can be withstood before breaking) and the optimum hardness-to-weight ratio. Moreover, the material also exhibits superior high temperature resistance.
Dr. Li Xiaochun said: "Our current research results are only the fur of new composite materials, and a series of new metal composite materials with revolutionary characteristics and functions will continue to emerge in the future."
At present, the invention has been published in the Journal of Nature. The new composite materials will be lighter than plastics and perform better than metals. In the future, they will show their talents in the automotive, aerospace and medical fields.
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