Recently, a number of farmers to reflect our technicians, many problems on greenhouse tomato fruit in autumn, and that these problems occur on a fairly regular ear: more first spike fruit stiff fruit; 3-4 spike fruit empty There are more spikes; the upper ears are especially hollow.
A first spike fruit during fruit plurality stiff
Some farmers often ask: " Autumn tomatoes planted in August and September each year , the first ear expansion is always very slow, and there are many stiff fruits. What is this?" There are many reasons for the tomato's dead fruit, but it is the first. There are two main reasons why the fruit of the ear is particularly large:
( 1 ) .  Poor flower bud differentiation. Tomato flower bud differentiation is early and rapid. Generally, when the seedling has 2-3 true leaves, the flower bud differentiation of the first spike flower is carried out, and in the 4-5 true leaves, the second spike flower bud differentiation. During this period of time, it is in the hot season of August and September . The temperature of the shed is often higher than 35 °C, resulting in poor flower bud differentiation and a high probability of occurrence of dead fruit.
( 2 ) . Â It takes too long to spend. If the time spent improperly, it is easy to form a rigid fruit too early, affecting the commerciality of the fruit.
Two ear space spike fruit plurality .3-4
In the shed, the technician saw that the tomato was very tall, and had crossed the wire, and it was fine. He left 9 spikes. "In the past, I have kept 5-6 spikes of this tomato, but this year, there are a lot of tomatoes and 3-4 spikes. In order to ensure the yield, there is no way to leave 9 spikes, but the yield is still not up to the previous 5 , 6 Spike.†By communicating with the vegetable growers, the technician learned that the main cause of the empty spikes in tomatoes was the lack of nutrient supply.
( 1 ) . Â The lower ear has too much fruit. In the early stage of tomato fruiting, due to the high temperature at that time, the plants were prone to grow up, and many vegetable farmers were afraid of not being able to sit on the fruit. They took the practice of controlling the fruits of many fruits. Some farmers first kept 5-6 fruits , which caused serious damage. .
( 2 ) . Â In the case that the weather is too hot, the fertilizer is not timely or the leaves are over-exposed, the nutrient is insufficient and the flower buds are poorly differentiated, so the empty ear phenomenon is more.
III. If multiple hollow upper ear
Many vegetable farmers have reported that there are many hollow nuts in the upper part of the tomato, which have a serious impact on the yield and quality. The main reasons for the increase in the upper fruit hollow fruit are as follows:
( 1 ) . Â When the upper part of the tomato enters the fruit-expanding stage, it is in the low-temperature and widowed season after winter. In order to promote the color change of the lower part, many vegetable farmers pick excessive leaves. In addition, in the late growth stage, due to poor nutrient supply or leaf mold and other diseases, photosynthetic capacity decreased, photosynthetic products decreased, and nutrients for fruit growth were insufficient, and hollow fruit occurred more.
( 2 ) . Â Post-watering and fertilization is reduced. In the exchange, the technician learned that many farmers stopped watering and fertilizing when the tomatoes and the three ears were immature. The nutrients and water in the soil could not meet the growth demand of the tomatoes, and the growth of the flesh was affected, which caused the hollow. fruit.
So in order to ensure more quality fruit, fruit to prevent stiff, empty and hollow spike fruit and other problems, in addition to cultivating strong trees, increase plant resistance, the friends reminded farmers note the following: vegetable
( 1 ) . Remove the first flower of each flower, multi-flower, early fruit thinning, and preserve the fruit.
Because the first flower of each flower has an early opening time, it is prone to deformity after sitting on the fruit, which will affect the nutrient supply of other flowers, causing serious flowering, dead fruit, etc., so it should be removed in time. Each flower can be flowered 6-8 . When the tomato grows to the size of the pigeon egg, remove the deformed, wounded and oversized fruit, leaving 3-5 fruits per ear .
( 2 ) . Time spent and medication.
If you spend some time improperly, it will form a stiff fruit too early, and it will form a cracked fruit too late, which will affect the commodity. The flowers on each ear start from the second flower. Each time, basically 2-3 flowers are open on the same day. At this time, the flower is started. The time is best when the flower is just opened in the morning. For the concentration of anthers, the concentration should be slightly higher at low temperatures and slightly lower at high temperatures.
( 3 ) . The fertilizer and water in the fruiting period should keep up.
When the size of the walnut is high, it is necessary to keep the fertilizer high. At this time, the fertilizer must be kept up, otherwise it will easily appear as a fruit, a small fruit, a hollow fruit, etc., affecting the quality. A large amount of elemental water soluble fertilizer and biological fertilizer can be applied with water for about 20 kg. Avoid high-nitrogen fertilizers, avoid drastic changes in soil moisture and wetness, and use nutrient-type foliar fertilizer to avoid plant deficiency. It is advisable to stop watering and fertilizing when the penultimate spike fruit begins to change color.
( 4 ) . Late leaf picking should not be excessive.
During the field visit, our technicians also found that during the fruit color change period, many vegetable farmers promoted fruit color change and increased light. Not only the leaves in the lower part of the ear were removed, but also the upper leaves were removed a lot. It affects the photosynthesis accumulation of leaves, lack of nutrition, and causes problems such as hollow fruit. Therefore, it is appropriate to snoring and picking leaves in the middle and late growth stages.
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