In recent days, the topic of the safety of GM foods has been surpassed by waves. Experts and scholars from all walks of life have come out on the scene and have published their own research findings and opinions. Some have vowed to make GM foods absolutely safe, while others worry that genetically modified foods will lead to subjugation. Extermination... In the face of dazzling experimental results and diametrically opposed conclusions, many people are confused: Who should we listen to?
The "reversals" questioned:
Genetically modified foods that pests are afraid to eat
Can people eat it?
As we all know, crops are often attacked by floods, droughts, and insect pests during their growth. The so-called transgenic plants introduce artificially-separated and modified genes into plant genomes through protoplast fusion, cell recombination, genetic material transfer, and chromosomes. Engineering technology, to change certain genetic characteristics of plants, to cultivate new varieties of crops with high yield, high quality, resistance to viruses, insect resistance, cold resistance, drought resistance, resistance to alfalfa, resistance to salt and alkali, and herbicide resistance. Foods that are processed or produced by using genetically modified organisms as direct food or raw materials are genetically modified foods.
Since one of the characteristics of transgenic plants is the introduction of genes that have herbicide-resistant or insecticidal functions, many people suspect that GM crops that the pests will not dare to eat easily, once they turn into food and agricultural by-products, let us Didn't leave the three meals, is it also digested with those insect-resistant genes?
In late August 2013, a video of “CCTV finally recognized cancer caused by genetically modified foods†was franticly relayed on WeChat, saying that GM maize-fed mice generally suffer from cancer; data show that by the first half of 2000, genetic transformation into China There are as many as 97 crops. However, most of our people do not know why the cause of widespread cancer in our country may be based on this. Later, after verification, this video was not the latest news, but the old news of 2012. It was published in 2012 by a professor and researcher of the University of Caen, Molecular Endocrinologist Seralini, on the safety of genetically modified corn. According to the paper, he used genetically modified corn to feed mice for two years. In female mice, 50 to 80% of the rats had tumors, and the average number of tumors was as many as 3 in each; male rats appeared. Major health problems include liver damage, kidney and skin tumors, and digestive diseases. These studies have been very controversial, and the conclusions of their research have also been questioned by many people in the industry. However, they still caused panic among the Chinese people.
A user of the "CPPCC Jiangsu", disclosed in an article entitled "Accelerating the Establishment of a Constraining Mechanism for Production and Sales of Genetically Modified Foods," disclosed that some studies have shown that long-term consumption of certain genetically modified foods may trigger allergic reactions and affect renal function and reproduction. Functionality, and even causes unexplained illness and death.
Compared with the screen name of the "Jiangsu Political Consultative Conference", a real-name paper by Prof. Zhang Chenyu, Director of the School of Life Science and Philosophy of Nanjing University, is even more shocking. In September 2011, Zhang Chenyu's research team published a study in Cell Research that showed a surprising discovery that plant microRNAs can enter human blood through daily food intake and Organs and organs. And, once in the body, they will influence the physiological functions of the human body by regulating the expression of target genes in the human body, thereby exerting biological effects. The paper points out that the genetic components can enter the human body with the diet and play a role, thus having a significant impact on human health and safety. The problem that arises directly from the dissertation is that since the genetic component is so, then, of course, the genetically modified component can also enter the body with food and play a role. In view of the fact that the genetically modified components and their anti-pesticide components of genetically modified food crops have been proven to have toxins or are toxins and pesticides, Western and Western media such as the United States and the United States have issued reviews, indicating that the new discovery of the paper has a significant significance for the safety of genetically modified foods. Management or risk management raises new major challenges.
Some military scientists, from the height of their military strategy, strongly challenge genetically modified foods and regard them as a "conspiracy" of hostile forces. Military strategist and Major General Peng Guangqian published the “Eight-questioning Genetically Modified Genetics,†saying that genetically modified foods are highly relevant to dozens of diseases such as cancer and infertility. Genetically modified crops may become biological weapons that kill people but not blood, and the consequences will be far. The Opium War. When interviewed by reporters during the National “two sessions†in 2012, Major General Luo Su, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and the Standing Committee member and Deputy Secretary General of the Chinese Academy of Military Sciences, also stated that national biosafety issues should be highly regarded and alert to the rapid spread of genetically modified species and foreign countries. Intervene in the production process of Chinese vaccines, be wary of enemy countries using genetically modified species and special vaccines as weapons, and launch new strategic attacks against the Chinese population.
Gu Xiulin, a special professor of Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, is even more surprising: GM is an evil technology that exterminates humanity.
In the “reverse†voice, some local governments talked about “change†and change of color. Not long ago, the municipal party committee and government of Zhangye Municipality of Gansu Province issued a special document that forbids any enterprises and individuals from engaging in breeding, sales and use of genetically modified seeds in Zhangye.
The "very fast" person shouted:
Delaying genetic modification is misguided
Although the "reversal" sounds loud, there are still many people who are "very good."
Zhang Qifa, dean of the Huazhong Agricultural University’s College of Life Sciences and Technology, academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and plant genetics and molecular biologists, stated that in July 2013, 49 overseas biomedical scholars and 61 domestic academicians of both institutions signed letters to the party and the country at the same time. Leaders called for the promotion of the commercialization of genetically modified organisms, saying that "re-delay is a mistake." Xu Haibin, director of the National Food Safety Risk Assessment Center, said that he himself does not evade GM foods: “The papaya that we eat at home is genetically modified and even seasoned soy sauce, and its raw materials may also be genetically modified. In the city, In life, it is impossible to completely avoid genetically modified foods."
The reason for these “reversing†people is mainly that China is the world’s largest rice producer and consumer. The biggest problem currently facing is that the population continues to grow, land and water resources continue to decrease, and traditional crops increase production. Not on demand, and transgenic technology can provide realistic solutions. What's more, research at home and abroad has been for many years. There are genetically modified soybeans and cotton in our lives. There is no clear evidence to prove that transgenes are harmful to humans.
Nanjing Agricultural University, under the authorization of the Ministry of Science and Technology, has undertaken major genetic transformation projects such as “cultivating high-quality transgenic rice varietiesâ€, “cultivating new varieties of high-quality functional transgenic soybeans,†“Yangtze River test and industrialization base for genetically modified cottonâ€. Song Xiaoling, a professor at School of Life Sciences and the School of Life Sciences, was the doctoral thesis of “Study on the Safety of Herbicide-Resistant Gene Translocations Through the Affinity of Plantsâ€. In her view, from the perspective of science, the safety of any food All are relative, for example, some people are born allergic to pollen, some Europeans are allergic to flour, and Asians rarely happen. Regarding the theory that genetically modified foods may affect renal function and reproductive function, Song Xiaoling said that GM foods have passed several generations of animal experiments before the use of GM foods, and they will be allowed to go public when safety is confirmed. China has strict standards for the access of genetically modified foods. A genetically modified food must be evaluated by the Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Genetically Modified Organism Safety Management Office prior to listing to ensure that it does not pose a threat to food safety and ecological safety.
Fang Zhouzi, a popular science writer known for his academic fraud, said that he had unknowingly eaten genetically modified food for more than 10 years. More than 80% of the maize in the U.S. market is now genetically modified, mainly insect-resistant transgenic maize. In addition to corn, genetically modified varieties such as soybeans, potatoes, tomatoes, and rapeseed are also grown in large quantities in the United States. Fang has announced three reasons for his love for genetically modified foods: First, genetically modified foods are generally cheaper than similar non-genetically modified foods, because they have lower production costs and higher yields; second, genetically modified foods are safer. Compared with similar crops, insect-resistant GM crops can significantly reduce the use of pesticides, and there is no need to worry about the problem of pesticide residues. Moreover, genetically modified foods are subject to stricter regulation, and the risks are actually lower than traditional crops. Third, genetically modified foods are more environmentally friendly. Transgenic plants are resistant to insect pests, and less pesticides are used to reduce the pollution of pesticides to the environment, and raw materials, energy, and waste materials used for the production, transportation, and spraying of pesticides are also reduced, and beneficial insects and other organisms are also protected. Reduce the risk of poisoning by contact with insecticides by humans and animals.
Chen Zhiwu, a professor of finance at Yale University, recently said in an interview with reporters that genetically modified seeds have strong anti-drought ability, which is the same as the impact of corn and sweet potatoes entering China. Originally, China relied mainly on rice. Once drought caused many people to starve to death, and later corn and sweet potatoes entered Mexico from Europe via Europe, the stability of the Chinese people’s food supply increased significantly and their population increased. Today we are worried about the problem of 1.8 billion mu of arable land. We are worried that if the red line breaks through China's food security, it will be challenged. If these challenges and fears are true, then genetically modified crops with more drought-resistant capacity will make production more stable and help us resolve the difficulties. In this sense, genetic modification may be just a problem, but people are not used to it. He also strongly opposes the GM "conspiracy" theory, arguing that too many people in Chinese society are full of food and nothing to do. When they used to go to school, they did not receive education properly and did not study hard. They should not read and read. Too many wasteless things do not do positive and constructive things all day, and they guess who is engaged in any conspiracy.
Give more rights to the people
Transgene can go wider and wider
Although the viewpoints of reversing and reversing are diametrically opposed to each other, none of the existing evidence can convince them that there is sufficient evidence to prove whether GM foods are safe or unsafe. So where does genetic technology and genetically modified food go?
From the point of view of the evolution of human society, people have moved from hunting and excavation to farming society and from farming society to agricultural society. Every advancement of society cannot go without the progress of science and technology and bold attempts. It is precisely because of this that people have moved from picking and nomadic lifestyles to the pastoral life of farming and captive poultry. In addition, the supply of carbohydrates and proteins has also been greatly improved, the quality of life has gradually increased, and the life expectancy has been continuously extended. Therefore, it is not advisable to treat genetically modified and genetically modified foods as a "flood beast" and refuse them out; but it is also wrong to blindly promote it without going through security arguments.
Based on the current level of science and technology and cognitive ability, how do we correctly treat GM technology and food?
First of all, let the public have the right to know.
CCTV's well-known host Cui Yongyuan asked the Ministry of Agriculture some time ago on Weibo: “Does China’s staple rice and wheat start the commercialization of genetically modified plants? Has it been approved? How many species have been secretly planted? Did the Ministry of Agriculture know anything? No, where did the genetically modified ingredients from the EU's returned rice products come from? The Ministry of Agriculture's canteens and kindergartens eat genetically modified foods?†However, no official reply has been received so far. Lawyer Wei Weijiu applied to the Ministry of Agriculture as early as February 2010 for disclosure of information on two types of genetically modified rice that had obtained safety certificates. However, the Ministry of Agriculture refused to publish the details of the trials, intermediate trials, environmental releases, and production test phases of genetically modified rice for reasons involving state secrets. Can the public be relieved of genetically modified foods without being fully informed? It is reported that before the listing of GM foods in the United States, food safety and environmental impact reports will be issued and accepted by the public.
According to Zhang Qifa, an academician at Huazhong Agricultural University, 49 overseas biomedical scholars and 61 academicians from both homes in the country are calling for the commercialization of genetically modified organisms. However, when netizens asked him to publish the list of petitioners, he evaded and flickered. "Since these people have rightly raised GM technology to the point that 'delay is misplaced', why are even the list afraid to announce?" Many Internet users are very puzzled by this.
Second, let the people have the right to choose.
It is reported that the market share of domestically produced transgenic insect-resistant cotton is now more than 90%, and more than 80% of the soybean oil sold is crushed from genetically modified soybeans. However, which products are genetically modified products and which foods are genetically modified (GMO) products should be clearly marked on the plate for the common people to choose, and the people should not be confused with the mice that test the safety of genetically modified foods. In 2012, Tufts University and the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention selected 88 children in a primary school in Hengyang City, Hunan Province, to test 60 grams of golden rice. Subsequent investigations revealed that the researchers concealed the use of GM rice in the trial and only issued the last page of the informed consent, which violated the international medical ethics guidelines. Although later confirmed the safety of golden rice, the test is a validity test, but the existence of a major "concealed" flaw in this experiment, no doubt added a crime to GM technology.
Third, we must give people the right to security. Consumers' right to life safety and health and safety rights are an important right. No scientific research or application can be made at the expense of the well-being of citizens and their descendants. If genetically modified technologies cause species pollution, losses and hazards cannot be estimated. Therefore, it is understandable that people should be concerned about the safety of genetically modified foods based on their own safety considerations.
Fourth, we must give both parties the same right to speak. Now, there is a very bad trend. Once people oppose GM technology, those who are “turned†will be regarded as “foolish, conservative, and backward†high hats. On the contrary, once people agree with GM technology, they will be “reversedâ€. The people marked the traitors of "traitors, traitors, and mercenaries." In fact, the more truthful the truth is, the only way for the people to know the truth is through debate.
Yuan Longping, the father of "hybrid rice," once said that the safety of genetically modified food requires two generations to test it. If this generation ate nothing, the children they grew up would have nothing to do to prove its safety. ten thousand years is too long, fight for now. On the one hand, we must strive to take time to accelerate the pace of research on genetically modified technology. After all, gene technology is an important technology for human beings. However, we must have sufficient patience, because this technology has already gone beyond the pure science category, involving the ethical evolutionary process, "science is not ethical can lead to human destruction."
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