How to judge the true and false of fertilizer

It is characterized by intuitiveness and simplicity. The general physical properties of various chemical fertilizers such as color, odor, crystallization, crystal shape, specific gravity, hygroscopicity and the like can be directly observed. The qualitative identification methods for the chemical and alkaline, water-soluble, and burning phenomena of chemical fertilizers are as follows:
1. Water-soluble: Take the chemical fertilizer granules of bean size into 20 ml test tube, add 10 ml of deionized water, shake for a few minutes and observe the dissolution condition. Generally, the crystalline fertilizer can be directly observed, and the powdered phosphate fertilizer should be identified. Water-soluble phosphorus can be quickly and easily prepared by means of a rapid measurement method.
2. Acidity and alkalinity: Take a small amount of the above solution in a small test tube and test it with litmus paper, or use a precision pH test paper.
3. Alkali surface reaction: In the acid-alkaline solution, after adding a spoonful of alkali surface, smell ammonia, to determine whether it is ammonium nitrogen fertilizer, if there is no ammonia smell, it can also be heated and then smelled to identify whether it is Urea fertilizer.
4, burning phenomenon: take a small amount of chemical fertilizer on iron or red charcoal burning, observe whether there is odor, whether smoke, whether it melts, with or without residue, with or without beating and flame color, using different salts or ions A characteristic phenomenon at the time of burning.
5, paper burning reaction: respectively, the various nitrogen fertilizer potassium fertilizer with tap water into a saturated solution, soak the paper strip saturated liquid, pick up and dry, ignite the paper strip to observe flammable, residue and so on.
Ionization: In the experiment, when identifying SO42-, the precipitation reaction was carried out. In the small test tube, 5 ml of the aqueous solution of the fertilizer was awaited, and a few drops of BaCl2 reagent or AgNO3 reagent were added to observe the presence or absence of white precipitate formation, which proved the existence of SO42-. It is added with BaCl2 to form a white precipitate which is insoluble in HCl. It was proved that the presence of Cl was caused by the addition of AgNO3 to form a white flocculent precipitate which was insoluble in HNO3.
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