Original paint: Also known as lead oil, it is a mixture of paint and dry oil, used to adjust putty.
First, a small paint coating
1. Oil: Primarily used for painting before painting.
2. Original paint: Also known as lead oil, it is a mixture of pigment and dry oil. It is used to adjust putty.
3. Blending paint: also known as reconcile paint, divided into two types of grease paint and natural resin paint.
4. Varnish: also known as Van Water, sub-oil base varnish and resin varnish two categories. Variety of ester glue varnish, phenolic varnish, alkyd varnish, nitro lacquer and shellac varnish. Good gloss, fast film formation, wide application.
5. Magnetic paint: It is made by varnish plus pigment grinding. Commonly used are phenolic enamel paint and alkyd enamel paint.
6. Anti-rust paint: oil-based anti-rust paint and resin anti-rust paint two types. .
7. Latex paint: The paint film has certain permeability and alkali resistance. After drying, the paint film does not blisters, does not change color, and is not sticky. It is mostly used for interior wall finishing. It is non-toxic to the human body and has no pollution to the environment.
The main components of paint include the following five major parts:
(1) Oil: It includes dry oil and semi-dry oil and is one of the main film-forming substances.
(2) Resin: It includes natural resins and synthetic resins and is also a part of the main film-forming substance.
(3) Pigments: Including coloring pigments, extender pigments, and rust-preventing pigments. The specific varieties are quite numerous and are secondary film-forming substances.
(4) Thinner: It includes solvents and diluents for dissolving the above substances and adjusting the consistency to assist the film-forming substance.
(5) Excipients: including driers, curing agents, plasticizers, and moisture-proof agents. Also belongs to the auxiliary film-forming substance.
Second, teach you paint true and false to identify tips
1, see the shape, the paint contains less impurities, stirred milky white circuit is painted.
2, look color, good paint naturally divided into three layers, the surface color of soy sauce or pig liver color, the middle light yellow, the bottom gray; full color is a fake paint.
3, odor, good lacquer with aromatic or acid flavor, if there is ** or other strange taste, it is deteriorating paint or false paint. Long-lasting lacquer, good condition is also bad paint.
The most effective way to prevent paint poisoning is to maintain good ventilation conditions at the coating site to reduce the concentration of toxic and harmful substances in the air. If the ventilation conditions at the coating site are not good, rest in the ventilated place after painting for a period of time. At regular intervals, in addition, contact with skin and solvent-based paints should be avoided as much as possible. To do this, the necessary labor protection measures should be taken when applying paint, such as tight-fitting work clothes, gloves, masks, and protective glasses. Avoid direct skin contact with paint and harmful gases directly into the respiratory system. After painting is completed, tools and residual materials shall be cleaned in a timely manner, and the paint bucket shall be closed. The solvent drum shall be covered. Wiping and waste cloth heads of the wiping paint shall be promptly disposed of. Avoid using toxic solvents (such as high-benzene solvents) to wash your hands, do not eat on the construction site, wash your hands with soap, wash your face before work or after work, and change your overalls.
Third, distinguish the merits of latex paint
People's requirements for latex paint are no longer limited to decorative, but also focus on functionality. Therefore, in the purchase, the function of latex paint is very important, according to the different parts of the brush to choose latex paint, such as the bedroom and the living room walls used latex paint requires strong adhesion, delicate texture, resistance to differentiation and permeability Good; latex paint for kitchens and bathrooms should be waterproof, mildewproof, and easy to wash.
Inferior emulsion paint not only affects the quality of construction, but the unqualified chemical raw materials contained in it will also harm human health. Therefore, it should try to purchase it from a specialty store or a special dealer store. When purchasing, check the product's packaging, appearance and intrinsic quality.
After opening the lid, the truly environmentally-friendly emulsion paint should be water-based, non-toxic and odorless, so if the user smells pungent or industrial flavor, it is not ideal. After a period of time, the surface of genuine latex paint will form a very thick and elastic oxide film, which will not be easily cracked, while inferior products will only form a very thin film that is fragile and has a spicy smell. Mix the latex paint with a wooden stick and pick it up with a wooden stick. The high-quality latex paint will become fan-shaped when it goes down. Touch with your finger, genuine latex paint should feel smooth and delicate. The latex paint is applied to the wall and wiped with a damp cloth. The genuine color is bright as new, and the defective product will fade due to poor coagulation and water resistance.
When looking at the ingredients when purchasing, the composition of the high-quality coating should be a copolymer resin or a pure acrylic resin. Don't forget to look at the product's shelf life.
Fourth, the choice of paint
Paint is an important final link in the home improvement. Low-grade, poor-quality paint is unevenly lubricious. It is prone to yellowing, brittleness, cracking, and peeling. It not only wastes quality plates, but also destroys the overall decoration effect. High-quality paint can not only make up for the defects of the pre-decoration, but also can improve the quality and grade of the entire decoration, giving the home a richer cultivation and connotation. However, there is no obvious difference in the appearance of the paint. In the absence of professional equipment, it is difficult to choose. Here are some of the most simple ways to choose. The most important thing is to buy the packaging: lift the paint bucket and shake it. If there is a crackling sound, it means that the packaging is seriously lacking, and there are two shortages, and the viscosity is too low. The regular factory material is real and it is almost inaudible. . Buying the least amount of consumption: Consult the merchant for the number of painting passes and the area for painting, the amount of calculation and the cost per square meter of the material, not deceived by the unit price of each group (barrel), the paint from the solid content (film forming material) And the composition of volatiles, high solids content of 70% to 80%, low of less than 10% to 20%, the unit is often very large consumption of large, more costly and more costly, and poor quality. Buy professional and strong support: good quality products are often more professional, according to the plate texture, color, structure or use of objects with different designs and strict process requirements, and provide technical guidance and after-sales service, regular manufacturers are Provide colorful color model card.
Fifth, how to choose latex paint
There are several criteria for choosing a latex paint: First, it is washable. Because the wall is easy to get dirty, families with children will be more troubled by graffiti. After the latex paint containing the waterproof formula dries out, it will naturally form a dense waterproof paint surface. With clean water or a mild detergent, you can easily wipe off stains without removing the paint itself. The latex paint sold in the market has such a function as long as it is a regular factory-produced waterproof latex paint that complies with the national standard. Some manufacturers have proposed that the number of washing times exceeds the national standard several times. In fact, this does not make much sense for the average family. The provisions of the national standards have fully satisfied the requirements of home decoration. Second, it is the moisture-proof and mildew-proof function of latex paint. Has the wall of your home been too wet to cause mildew? This is especially prominent in basements, bathrooms, or in wet weather. Anti-mold and moisture-proof latex paint can effectively block the invasion of water on walls and walls, prevent moisture penetration, and prevent mold growth. Lasting paint is not easy to fade, fall off is another point consumers should pay attention to in the selection of latex paint, in general, latex paint to maintain a new bright 3-5 years is more in line with family requirements. In addition, everyone is most concerned about whether latex paint is truly non-toxic, safe and environmentally friendly. Here you can tell that the main components of latex paint are non-toxic resin and water, and lead and mercury are not included. No irritating odor will be produced during the brushing process and will not cause harm to the human body, living organisms and the surrounding environment. However, you must purchase latex paint products marked with the manufacturer, production date, and shelf life, as well as the lead-free and mercury-free labels. Finally, to remind everyone to choose to buy latex paint, do not be too superstitious with some manufacturers of technical indicators, as long as it is in line with national standards of products that can meet your needs in the construction, color, you can start on your home wall Decorative landscaping effect.
Sixth, paint and coating purchase and three attention to the construction of the six major order paint and paint is the most frequently used products in home decoration. How to choose and use paint and paint correctly?
Please pay attention when purchasing:
1, see the weight: lift the paint bucket, shake, if there is a thin voice, indicating a serious shortage of weight, lack of two or less, or the viscosity is too low. Formal manufacturers of real materials, shaking almost no sound.
2, to make an estimate of the amount of the purchase, to purchase one time enough to avoid having to buy paint color difference.
3, choose the same brand: Primer and topcoat is best to use the same brand or matching paint to prevent adverse reactions between primer and topcoat.
Construction sequence:
1. Remove dirt and dirt on the surface of wooden products and lines (wood base layer).
2. Trimming the burrs on the surface of the wood substrate, lifting the flaws, etc., and polishing with a sand leather to make the corners neat and tidy.
3, with oily putty (or transparent putty) for scraping, polishing, polishing and putty after the repair (when using varnish, brown eyes, nails, make local repair work).
4, paint the first time the paint, make up for putty, after polishing to remove the surface dust.
5. Apply the paint for the second time. After polishing, remove the dust on the surface and apply water to the surface of the sand to repair the oil.
6. Apply the paint three times until it achieves the desired result.
Coating Notes:
1. Wall patch: In order to prevent cracks on the wall, non-load-bearing walls must be patched.
2. Wall lining: Wall lining is an alternative product to 821 putty and is a material that must be used on the base of the wall.
3. Primer: The primer has the functions of moisture proof and mildew proof. It is necessary to brush the primer after brushing the primer.
4, color: In accordance with the color card building materials market to choose the color of the paint, the best choice for the color than the color card light.
5. Spraying: The spraying effect is better than the worker's hand brush, but it costs more material.
VII. Construction Points of Paints 1. Fire Safety Knowledge General paints are flammable and explosive chemicals. Especially during the painting construction, a large amount of combustible gas can evaporate into the air, and it is very prone to burning or explosion accidents. Therefore, in the construction of coatings, the following issues must be noted:
1. Ensure air circulation and prevent the accumulation of solvent vapors;
2. Prohibit any open flames, prohibit the use of open fire to bake or heat paint;
3. It is forbidden to wear chemical fiber clothing into the construction site to prevent static electricity sparks;
4. It is forbidden to perform other operations on the paint construction site, especially the operation of iron strikes and violent friction of articles.
Second, safety knowledge in the construction of paint must pay attention to safety protection.
1. It is forbidden to enter the mouth with paint. In the eyes, problems must be solved with clean water and then sent for treatment.
2. It is forbidden to drink water or diet at the painting construction site;
3. Ensure air circulation and prevent the accumulation of solvent vapors;
4. If a large amount of solvent vapor is inhaled and symptoms of discomfort occur, they must quickly leave the site and breathe fresh air. After the symptoms have disappeared, the construction can be resumed.
Third, the safety of high-altitude operations When working at heights, must carry out the necessary security protection. When carrying out paint construction on construction sites, helmets must be worn.
IV. Construction tips
1. The surface before the construction must be clean, dry, and fully cured, except for dust, fungal stains, and peeling paint. Fill nail holes, cracks, and smooth the surface to remove dust;
2. Cover surfaces that do not need to be painted. Paints should be mixed well before use and used according to the packing instructions;
3. First brush the corners, window frames and other parts, and then brush a large area of ​​the wall;
4. Use brushes, rollers or spray guns. After each brushing, it needs to be dried for a certain period of time. Under normal circumstances, the water-based paint needs 4-6 hours, and the oil-based paint needs 24 hours before it can be brushed the second time.
5. After all brushing is completed, clean the brushes, rollers, etc. with solvent, and handle the excess paint.
6. The weathering requirements for exterior latex paint construction are that the air temperature is greater than 5°C and the humidity is less than 85%. In rainy days and windy days, construction should be avoided, otherwise the paint film will be washed away by rain or flushed.