Optimizing the structure of export products Among the mechanical products exported by China, there are quite a number of labor-intensive products with competitive advantages, especially some products with low prices and good quality, developed countries such as Europe and the United States have basically not produced. At the International Machine Tool Exhibition held in Beijing in October 2008, there were still some small vertical milling machines and some metal processing tools. Some of the machine tools produced in China and the metal processing tools and parts with high technical content are highly competitive, and the quality should be continuously improved to consolidate and expand the international market share.
At the same time, it is necessary to continuously optimize the structure of export products, which is a long-term strategic task of the machinery industry. The Central Economic Work Conference pointed out that it is necessary to "accelerate the transformation of the development mode and promote the strategic adjustment of the economic structure." Among the currently exported machinery products, low value-added and low-tech products still account for the majority. Taking the export products in 2007 as an example, the grinders, polishing machines, bench drills, sawing machines, planers and low value-added tools, general parts and components in the machine tool industry account for more than half of the total export value of the industry.
The above situation needs to be highly valued. Although the current low-cost advantage still has certain competitiveness, with the delay of time and the influence of relevant national policies and environment, the competition of these products will become more and more fierce, even Some markets may be lost. To this end, it is necessary to accelerate the transformation and upgrading of export trade and continuously optimize the structure of export products.
Zheng Guowei believes that to optimize product structure, first of all, to improve product quality, increase research and development of high-tech content and high value-added products, develop products with independent intellectual property rights, pay attention to the continuous improvement and improvement of product technology standards, and strive to international Standards or international advanced technology standards are close together and transformed to enhance international competitiveness.
Secondly, it is necessary to gradually transform part of the processing trade (20% of the processing trade exports of the whole industry) into general trade exports, gradually transform some OEM products into independent brand exports, and adjust the structure of high-pollution, high-energy-consumption and high-energy-consuming products. , increase its added value. Such as reducing the abrasive outlet, increasing the export of the abrasive tool, and exporting the casting of the machine bed to the outlet of the machined workpiece.
Vigorously develop free trade and cooperation In July 2005, China and ASEAN signed a free trade zone "goods trade agreement" stipulates that China will cancel the big in 2010 with Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. Tariffs for some products and built free trade zones. Four ASEAN members from Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam have achieved free trade with China in 2015.
ASEAN is the fourth largest trading partner of China's machinery products. The first is to speed up exports to Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Indonesia, the Philippines, Vietnam and other countries. China's production of CNC lathes, CNC grinding machines, CNC milling machines, machining centers, CNC bending machines, gear processing machines, electrical processing machine tools, etc., have a certain degree of competitiveness, we must actively expand exports.
The China-Chile Free Trade Area Agreement was implemented on October 1, 2006. Chile immediately abolished tariffs on 5,891 products originating in China; China’s tariff on 4,753 products originating in Chile fell to zero on January 1, 2007. In 2007, the bilateral trade volume between the two countries increased by 65% ​​compared with the previous year. Most of the machine tools that Chile exports to China have reduced import tariffs, which is a good exporter.
On October 23, 2008, China and Singapore signed a free trade agreement. From January 1, 2009, Singapore canceled tariffs on all goods imported from China. China imported goods from Singapore in batches with zero tariffs. January 2009 From the 1st, 85% of the goods were subject to zero tariffs, which increased to 95% from 2010 and increased to 97.1% in 2012.
Singapore is the largest trading partner of China and 10 ASEAN countries. In 2007, the import and export volume of machinery products between China and Singapore was 6.38 billion US dollars, an increase of 49.11% over the previous year, accounting for 26.6% of China's total imports and exports to ASEAN. Of this total, imports were 2.766 billion US dollars, up 58.18%; exports were 3.614 billion US dollars, up 42.84%. From January to October 2008, China's exports of products to Singapore reached US$4.004 billion, an increase of 39.74%. The development momentum is very good, so enterprises must seize the opportunity to expand exports.
Promote diversification of the export market The EU, the United States, and Japan are the top three trading partners of China's machinery products. At present, the demand of developed countries such as the United States and the European Union has declined. It is necessary to diversify into other potential markets, such as the Middle East, Central Asia, Latin America, Africa, Eastern Europe, India, and Russia, in an effort to make up for lost shares in the United States and other markets. In recent years, China's machinery products have developed rapidly with India, Brazil, and Russia. From January to October 2008, China's exports of machinery products to three countries were: India's US$7.033 billion, an increase of 68.08% over the same period of the previous year; Brazil's 3.626 billion The US dollar increased by 117.48% over the same period of last year; Russia was US$6.244 billion, an increase of 71.15% over the same period of the previous year. China's production of CNC machine tools, pressure machinery, parts and some tools, etc., have good export prospects for the above three countries.
Many enterprises in the machinery industry have carried out international operations. In particular, a number of advantageous enterprises have acquired well-known foreign companies, obtained advanced manufacturing technologies, broadened the channels of the international market, and cultivated a group of management and marketing talents with international vision. A group of talents familiar with international business, international practices, and international trade have emerged. Some enterprises have invested in establishing factories or joint ventures with foreign companies in the United States, the European Union, ASEAN, India, etc., and have improved their technical level and management level. In this regard, the machine tool industry has come to the forefront.
At present, the developed economies in Europe and the United States face financial and economic difficulties. We must take advantage of the global economic adjustment, seize the opportunity to “go globalâ€, and selectively acquire more advanced technology companies for me, for my use, and actively carry out international operations.
Export trade extends to the service industry. The export trade of machinery manufacturing enterprises extends to the service industry. It has succeeded in some mechanical foreign trade companies and production enterprises. The main form is to carry out engineering complete contracting trade services, such as the Iranian subway project, the Middle East and Vietnam power station projects. Wait. It is now necessary to further expand the scope of services and services. For example, from the export of parts to the export of components and complete machines; from the export of a single product to the complete set of units, complete sets of systems, complete sets of production lines, complete sets of workshops, and complete sets of export projects. The service content should be expanded on the existing basis, for example, responsible for the use of equipment, training of operators, installation, maintenance and modification of equipment, supply of spare parts; helping users to establish remote online monitoring system facilities for important equipment, providing Equipment application software and equipment fault diagnosis technology (including diagnostic equipment). In short, not only to export products, but also to export services, we must continuously improve the ability to provide users with all-round services, and accordingly, to enhance international competitiveness.
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