"Agricultural biotechnology has always been an important topic discussed by the global scientific, economic, and political circles. Its security has also been widely concerned by the government and the general public. In recent years, although there have been different views and arguments, these disputes have been scientific. The conclusions of the study were negated.†Recently, researcher Jia Shirong of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences told the China Economic Times reporter.
At the same time, at a seminar on agricultural, biotechnology-related social, economic and environmental benefits, Professor Huang Jichen and Professor Hu Ruifa of the China Agricultural Policy Research Center studied the business of transgenic insect-resistant cotton and transgenic rice through a global trade analysis model. The long-term impact of planting on the entire economy and trade.
Research data shows that the commercialization of transgenic insect-resistant cotton and transgenic rice will bring huge benefits to China's macro economy. If GM rice is also put into commercial planting, by 2010, the commercialization of transgenic Bt cotton and transgenic rice will bring China more than 5.2 billion US dollars in revenue. The analysis of the economic benefits of transgenic cotton planting shows that farmers and consumers who plant genetically modified cotton can obtain benefits of 65% and 32% respectively, genetically modified cotton seed companies can make profits of 2%, and the technology research and development department can obtain 1% of benefits.
Hu Ruifa said: “In China, the cultivation of genetically modified cotton has gained tremendous economic and social benefits, and can greatly reduce the use of pesticides and reduce environmental pollution.â€
The "Status Report on the Global Commercialization of Biotechnology in 2008" just released by the International Service Organization for Agricultural Biotechnology Applications shows that in 2008, 13.3 million farmers in 25 countries around the world planted 125 million hectares of genetically modified crops.
It is understood that the increase in the global acreage of genetically modified crops is mainly due to the fact that genetically modified crops can increase production, lower production costs, and reduce environmental pollution. The report also shows that in 2008, the global market value of genetically modified crops reached US$7.5 billion, accounting for approximately 22% of the global commercial seed market.
China successfully cultivated transgenic insect-resistant cotton from the mid-1990s. By 2006, the planting area of ​​transgenic insect-resistant cotton in China had reached 4 million hectares, accounting for 75% of the total area of ​​cotton fields. For more than 10 years, farmers have increased their income by more than 16.6 billion yuan due to the reduction in pesticides, labor, and production. Currently, in addition to insect-resistant cotton, transgenic insect-resistant poplar and anti-virus papaya have been approved for large-scale production applications, other genetically modified crops are undergoing field trials and safety evaluations, have not been widely applied, and products have not entered the market for sale.
However, Prof. Luo Yunbo, Dean of the College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering at China Agricultural University, told this reporter that the evaluation of the safety of transgenic rice in China has ended, and the preliminary preparations for commercial planting are in place but are delayed due to social and foreign trade. Failed to promote.
However, Greenpeace recently released a survey in Beijing. The survey pointed out that none of the GM rice lines in China have independent independent intellectual property rights. If any of them were cultivated through commercialization, it would mean that China’s 1.3 billion people’s control over the staple food was completely handed over to a foreign biological company.
In response, Huang Da, a researcher at the Institute of Biotechnology of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said in an interview with this reporter that the issue of intellectual property rights should not be a hindrance to the development of Chinese biotechnology. He said: “The trials of transgenic rice production in Hubei and Fujian provinces in China have shown that GM rice has independent intellectual property rights and is a core technology; even if some technologies involve other countries’ intellectual property rights, they can completely exchange and purchase intellectual property rights. Authorized and other commercial methods to solve; In addition, some foreign genetically modified rice is not patented in China, we can use it in China as long as it is not exported.â€
Regarding the ecological agriculture model advocated by Greenpeace, Huang Da believes that the output of ecological agriculture is very low and it is not suitable for China's national conditions at all. The development of agricultural biotechnology is a general trend.
China is the earliest country in the world to develop and apply genetically modified crops. The planting area of ​​genetically modified crops has been ranked fourth in the world for many years, but it has retreated to fifth place since 2003 and dropped to sixth place in 2006. Industrialization has lag behind. Restricting the outstanding contradictions in the development of agricultural biotechnology in China and improving international competitiveness. Huang Da suggested that the state should improve genetic safety management and actively promote the industrialization process.
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