Fertilization of melons and vegetables is the key to increasing yield of vegetables. The practical experience of vegetable farmers is: look at the sky, see the vegetables and fertilize.
"Look at the fertilization of the sky", that is, no fertilizer on rainy days, so as to avoid the loss of fertilizer. Do not apply in the day, do not apply the fog, the temperature is not applied, so as not to cause the disease of the plant, the fertilization should be carried out on a sunny day.
"Look at the ground and fertilize", that is, the soil is good and less applied, and the soil is poorly applied. Excessively compacted, hard and hardened organic fertilizers, etc., the application concentration should be appropriate, diligent application, thin pouring, multiple times, a small amount. The melon seedlings are generally applied with a concentration of 10%-15% of clear manure water, which can be gradually thickened as the plants grow. In the later stages of growth, it can generally be concentrated to 30% -40%.
To fertilize vegetables, you need to know how to identify which fertilizer is missing from vegetables. Also learn to "six look":
At first glance type fertilization: legumes have rhizobium nitrogen fixation, need less nitrogen fertilizer, need more phosphate fertilizer; root vegetables, yam need more potassium fertilizer; leaf vegetables only need more nitrogen fertilizer; fruit vegetables in the application of nitrogen fertilizer On the basis of it, it is necessary to match phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.
Second, look at soil fertilization: different soil quality, fertilization methods are not the same. Light loam soil structure, good fertilizer and fertilizer performance, can be applied more and reapplied. Sandy loam soil is applied less frequently to prevent fertilizer waste. At present, many vegetable farmers ignore farmyard manure and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, resulting in imbalanced vegetable nutrition ratio, which should be improved in time.
Third, look at climate fertilization: high temperature in summer, fast decomposition of fertilizer, more rain, and easy to lose fertilizer. When fertilizing, a small amount and multiple application methods should be adopted, and the decomposed farmyard fertilizer should be applied and dispersed at appropriate time. More sunny days, less rainy days. On the contrary, the winter temperature is low, the rain is small, the fertile farmyard fertilizer should be applied early, and the fertilizer should be ditched.
Four look at the seedlings fertilization: look at the seedlings fertilization generally grasp the principle of "small seedling period, stable flowering period, heavy fruit period". In the early stage, nitrogen fertilizer was the main factor, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were combined in the middle and late stages. However, the variety of ripeness is different, and there are differences in fertilization. Early-maturing varieties have a short vegetative growth period, and the early stage should focus on promotion and lay a foundation for high yield; late-maturing varieties have a long vegetative growth period, and the early focus is on controlling and promoting the combination, so that the seedling stage can grow steadily.
Five look at fertilizer fertilization: the farmer's fertilizer has long effect and is full of nutrients. It is not easy to cause long-term growth. It is generally used as a base fertilizer, and the varieties with long growth period can be buried. Fertilizer fertilizer is fast, nutrients are incomplete, fat is easy to cause long, only suitable for topdressing and a small amount of base fertilizer. Ammonium bicarbonate is volatile, and it is used as a base fertilizer. If it is used for top dressing, it should be applied in a ditch 10 cm away from the root of the crop and covered in time to avoid smashing the crop. Urea is generally used for top dressing and should be applied 4-6 days in advance in order to exert fertilizer efficiency. Phosphate fertilizer has small mobility and is generally used for seed fertilizer and top dressing. For top dressing, it is necessary to ditch and apply it to the root layer.
Six look at fertilization: ammonium bisulfate, human excrement and other nitrogen fertilizers are acidic, can not be mixed with grass ash and other alkaline fertilizers, so as not to reduce fertilizer efficiency. Superphosphate or the like cannot be mixed with acidic fertilizer. Ammonium hydrogen sulfate and urea are in contact with seeds, stems and leaves, which are easy to cause burns. Urea is used as a top dressing, and its concentration cannot exceed 1%. Ammonium chloride and potassium chloride cannot be used on chlorine-free crops such as potatoes.
Huaxian County Agricultural Products Inspection and Testing Center Chang Bili
"Look at the fertilization of the sky", that is, no fertilizer on rainy days, so as to avoid the loss of fertilizer. Do not apply in the day, do not apply the fog, the temperature is not applied, so as not to cause the disease of the plant, the fertilization should be carried out on a sunny day.
"Look at the ground and fertilize", that is, the soil is good and less applied, and the soil is poorly applied. Excessively compacted, hard and hardened organic fertilizers, etc., the application concentration should be appropriate, diligent application, thin pouring, multiple times, a small amount. The melon seedlings are generally applied with a concentration of 10%-15% of clear manure water, which can be gradually thickened as the plants grow. In the later stages of growth, it can generally be concentrated to 30% -40%.
To fertilize vegetables, you need to know how to identify which fertilizer is missing from vegetables. Also learn to "six look":
At first glance type fertilization: legumes have rhizobium nitrogen fixation, need less nitrogen fertilizer, need more phosphate fertilizer; root vegetables, yam need more potassium fertilizer; leaf vegetables only need more nitrogen fertilizer; fruit vegetables in the application of nitrogen fertilizer On the basis of it, it is necessary to match phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.
Second, look at soil fertilization: different soil quality, fertilization methods are not the same. Light loam soil structure, good fertilizer and fertilizer performance, can be applied more and reapplied. Sandy loam soil is applied less frequently to prevent fertilizer waste. At present, many vegetable farmers ignore farmyard manure and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, resulting in imbalanced vegetable nutrition ratio, which should be improved in time.
Third, look at climate fertilization: high temperature in summer, fast decomposition of fertilizer, more rain, and easy to lose fertilizer. When fertilizing, a small amount and multiple application methods should be adopted, and the decomposed farmyard fertilizer should be applied and dispersed at appropriate time. More sunny days, less rainy days. On the contrary, the winter temperature is low, the rain is small, the fertile farmyard fertilizer should be applied early, and the fertilizer should be ditched.
Four look at the seedlings fertilization: look at the seedlings fertilization generally grasp the principle of "small seedling period, stable flowering period, heavy fruit period". In the early stage, nitrogen fertilizer was the main factor, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were combined in the middle and late stages. However, the variety of ripeness is different, and there are differences in fertilization. Early-maturing varieties have a short vegetative growth period, and the early stage should focus on promotion and lay a foundation for high yield; late-maturing varieties have a long vegetative growth period, and the early focus is on controlling and promoting the combination, so that the seedling stage can grow steadily.
Five look at fertilizer fertilization: the farmer's fertilizer has long effect and is full of nutrients. It is not easy to cause long-term growth. It is generally used as a base fertilizer, and the varieties with long growth period can be buried. Fertilizer fertilizer is fast, nutrients are incomplete, fat is easy to cause long, only suitable for topdressing and a small amount of base fertilizer. Ammonium bicarbonate is volatile, and it is used as a base fertilizer. If it is used for top dressing, it should be applied in a ditch 10 cm away from the root of the crop and covered in time to avoid smashing the crop. Urea is generally used for top dressing and should be applied 4-6 days in advance in order to exert fertilizer efficiency. Phosphate fertilizer has small mobility and is generally used for seed fertilizer and top dressing. For top dressing, it is necessary to ditch and apply it to the root layer.
Six look at fertilization: ammonium bisulfate, human excrement and other nitrogen fertilizers are acidic, can not be mixed with grass ash and other alkaline fertilizers, so as not to reduce fertilizer efficiency. Superphosphate or the like cannot be mixed with acidic fertilizer. Ammonium hydrogen sulfate and urea are in contact with seeds, stems and leaves, which are easy to cause burns. Urea is used as a top dressing, and its concentration cannot exceed 1%. Ammonium chloride and potassium chloride cannot be used on chlorine-free crops such as potatoes.
Huaxian County Agricultural Products Inspection and Testing Center Chang Bili
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