1 Construction and acceptance of ground stone and porcelain brick
1. Construction procedures for ground stone and porcelain tiles
Floor stone and porcelain tile paving are the technical work that tilers often engage in in home decoration construction. The standard procedures for stone paving on the ground are: sweeping and finishing the grass-roots level → cement mortar leveling → high calibration, elastic line → installation of standard blocks → selection of materials → infiltration → pavement → pouring and cleaning → maintenance and delivery.
Floor stone and porcelain tile paving is a highly technical project. Its construction quality has a great impact on the quality of the entire home improvement project. It is a key project of the entire project and must be constructed in accordance with standard procedures to ensure quality.
2. Specification for construction of ground stone and porcelain brick
(1) The grassroots treatment should be clean, and the leveling and repair should be done first. Before leveling the cement mortar, the ground should be sprinkled with water to improve the bonding ability with the base layer.
(2) Paving stones and porcelain tiles must be placed in standard blocks. The standard block should be placed at the crossing point of the cross line and installed diagonally. When paving, each line must be hung in sequence. The stone must be soaked in water, and the back of the stone must be wiped clean. When paving, retreat from the middle to the four sides of the pavement. When placing the stone and porcelain bricks, they must fall at the same time in four corners, and use a rubber mallet or a wooden hammer to hit the compaction.
(3) Stone and porcelain tiles are very important for maintenance after being laid on the ground. After 24 hours of installation, they must be sprinkled and watered for maintenance. They are forbidden for two days. In order not to affect the construction of other projects, solid wood panels can be laid on the ground for people to walk.
3. Acceptance of ground stone and porcelain brick pavement
The ground stone and porcelain bricks must be firm, the surface of the pavement is smooth, the color is harmonious, and the color is obviously poor. The joints are straight, wide and narrow, and the stone is free from nicks and corners. The non-standard size sheet pavement is correct and the flow direction is correct. The error of the cable inspection is less than 2mm. The error of the flatness is less than 1mm with a 2-meter ruler and the surface is clean.
4. Common quality problems and treatment methods for ground stone and porcelain brick pavement
The common quality defects of ground stone and porcelain tile pavement are large deviations in empty drums and flatness.
(1) Hollowing: Mainly due to thin mortar in adhesive layer, dry cement paste in pavement, and sheet back; surface pollutants have not been removed, and people have walked or weighed during the curing period. In the construction, the adhesive layer mortar should be dry, and the floor spread should prevail. The water-cement ratio of cement slurry is 122.2 (volume ratio) when paving, and it is forbidden to use cement flour for laying. During the conservation period, shelves should be erected and walking on the surface is prohibited. If hollowing occurs, the rework should be reworked by removing the empty drum plate, sucking it with a suction cup, lifting it flat, and then paving according to the specification.
(2) Large deviation of flatness: In addition to improper construction operations and the fact that the board surface is not flat, the main cause is warpage of the board. In the construction process, strict selection of materials should be adopted, and those with serious warping and unqualified products with uneven thicknesses should be adjusted and leveled on the back of the board. For large local deviations, they can be smoothed with a marble machine and then polished. If there is no flat plate, remove it.
5. Estimated construction period of ground stone and porcelain tile pavement
Floor stone and porcelain tile paving are construction projects with strong technical and labor intensity. Generally, the paving of the ground stone is carried out on a premise that the ground floor has been processed and auxiliary materials are available. Every worker lays about 6 square meters on a daily basis. If we add the initial grassroots treatment and post-patch conservation, each worker actually paves about 4 square meters per day. The paving period of floor porcelain tiles is slightly less than one day from the stone paving of the ground. If the ground is flat and the quality of the plates is good and the specifications are large, the construction period can be shortened. Under the condition of finished product protection, floor covering can be operated in parallel with paint construction and installation.
2 Construction and Acceptance of Wall Tiles
1. Construction procedure for wall tiles pasting
The paste of wall ceramic tile is one of the main technical tasks that tiler is engaged in home decoration project. The standard ceramic tile paste procedure is as follows: grassroots cleaning → wipe base ash → brick selection → immersion → row bricks → bullets → paste standard points → paste tiles → sew → sew → clean.
The quality of the paste of the wall ceramic tiles directly affects the decoration effect, especially the depth. The paste quality of the color sleeve bricks makes the home decoration quality evaluation even more prominent. It must be constructed in strict accordance with standard procedures to ensure quality.
2. Construction specifications for wall tile paste
(1) When processing at the grassroots level, all types of dirt on the wall should be cleaned and watered and moistened one day in advance. For example, when the grass-roots level is a new wall, when the cement mortar is 70% dry, bricks, bullets, and tiles must be placed.
(2) The standard points must be pasted before the official paste to control the flatness of the paste surface. The flatness should be checked with the ruler at any time during the operation. The unevenness and non-straightness should be removed and the re-adhesion should be removed.
(3) Tiles must be soaked in clean water for more than two hours before they are affixed. Tiles should not be bubbling and should be taken out for drying. Paste from the bottom up paste, requiring mortar full, ash, must remove the heavy sticky, not allowed from the brick joints, mouth ash filling pad.
(4) When it comes to sticking, it encounters the support of pipelines, lamp switches, and bathroom equipment, etc. It must be cut and matched with the entire brick set. It is forbidden to use non-complete bricks to put together. The whole or independent part of the paste should be completed at one time, and once it cannot be completed, the joint mouth should be left at the construction joint or the female corner.
3. Acceptance of wall tile paste
The wall tiles must be firmly bonded without any defects such as skew, missing corners and cracks. Wall tile paving surface should be flat, clean, color coordination, reasonable pattern arrangement, no discoloration, pan-Alkali, stains and significant gloss damage. The brick joints are densely packed, straight, uniform in width and width, and uniform in color. The lap direction at the yin and yang corners is correct. Non-whole bricks are suitable for use and are arranged straight. The hole has the correct size and the edges are neat. Inspection flatness error is less than 2 mm, facade vertical error is less than 2 mm, seam height deviation is less than 0.5 mm, and flatness is less than 2 mm.
4. Wall tile paste common quality problems and treatment methods
The common quality defects of wall tile paste are empty drum fall off, discoloration, uneven seams and surface cracks.
(1) Empty drum fall off: The main reason is that the adhesive material is not full, the bricks are not soaked enough, and the base layer is not treated properly. During construction, the sleeves must be clean and clean, soaked for not less than 2 hours, and the bond thickness should be controlled between 7 and 10 mm, not too thick or too thin. When sticking, it is necessary to make the tile and the bottom layer stick densely. You can tap it with a wooden hammer. When hollow drums are produced, the wall tiles shall be removed and the original adhesive mortar shall be removed. The cement mortar shall be repaired with a total volume of 3% 107 glue.
(2) Discoloration: The main reason is that in addition to the poor quality of the ceramic tile, the axial surface is too thin, the improper operation method is also an important factor. The materials should be strictly selected during construction, and clean water should be used for soaking the sleeve bricks. Paste cement mortar should use pure Sand and cement. Always clean the remaining mortar on the brick surface during operation. If the color change larger wall tiles should be updated.
(3) Joints are not straight: The main reason is that there are differences in the specifications of bricks and improper construction. The bricks should be carefully selected during construction and the same kind of dimensions should be used together for one wall. The standard points must be posted. The standard points must be on the basis of the ruler. After each line is pasted, it should be checked in a timely manner by using the ruler horizontally and vertically. If the joints exceed the allowable error, the wall tiles should be removed in time for rework.
5. Wall tile pasting period estimate
Wall tile paste is a highly technical construction project. It takes a lot of man-hours, and when the auxiliary materials are prepared and the grassroots processing is better, each worker can complete about 5 square meters a day. The general family decoration is glued to the bathroom and the kitchen wall. Face takes about 7 days. Different specifications of ceramic wall tiles, different binders used, and different number of basic wall pipes will affect the construction period. Therefore, the actual construction period should be determined according to site conditions. The paste construction of wall tiles can be used in parallel or cross-operation with other projects, but attention should be paid to the protection of finished products.
3 Cement mortar plaster construction and acceptance
1. Cement mortar plaster construction procedures
Plastering of cement mortar is a frequently used construction method in home decoration and is mainly used for newly modified wall surfaces. The standard construction procedure for interior wall plastering is to find the rules first, that is, to arrange squares on the four corners of the wall, level the horizontal line, and suspend the vertical line, then make the standard gray cake, and do the chin 2, and find the inside of the yin and yang angles. The plastering of the wall should be three layers. The bottom layer should be lower than the punching ribs. The middle layer should be flattened with ribs. When the middle layer is dry to 50%~60%, the surface layer should be applied. The quality level of the cement mortar plaster will directly affect the construction period and construction quality of the surface decoration, so it must be strictly in accordance with the standard procedures.
2. Construction specifications of cement mortar wiper
Before plastering, a standard gray cake must be made. According to the thickness requirement of the plastering on the wall, a standard gray cake shall be made above the corner of the wall, and a gray cake shall be added to the window and corners, and then the wire shall be used to make the wall. Lower standard gray cake.
Crushing ribs are also an important part of guaranteeing the quality of plastering. Crushing ribs are mortar belts between the upper and the lower ash cakes. The trueness is the same as that of ash cakes. Both sides are inclined, which is an important control sign for large area plastering. .
The yin and yang angle finder is also an important process directly related to the quality of the follow-up renovation project. When looking for a party, you should first base your yin and yang angles, and then use the square rule to find the right angle first, then pop up the grazing guideline on the corners and ceiling, and make gray cakes and punching ribs on the guideline and the lower ends.
When plastering, before the middle mortar is solidified, diagonal marks should be drawn at regular intervals to ensure better adhesion between the surface layer and the middle layer.
3. Acceptance of cement mortar wiper
Plastering of cement mortar shall meet the following standards. 2 Surfaces shall not be allowed to have explosive ash and cracks. Between the various layers of ash, between the plaster layer and the base layer shall be firmly bonded, and there shall be no defects such as delamination or empty drums. The surface shall be smooth and clean. , The color is uniform, no wipe, gray line king is straight, clean and beautiful. Check with a 2-meter straightedge, the surface error is less than 2mm, the vertical error of the yin and yang angle is less than 2mm, the vertical error of the facade is less than 3mm, and the square error of the yin and yang angle is less than 2mm.
4. Common quality problems and treatment methods of cement mortar plaster
The common quality problems of cement mortar plaster are delamination, hollowing, popping and cracking. (1) Delamination: Mainly due to the excessive dryness of the underlying ash layer. In addition to the prevention and control methods in accordance with the requirements of the construction, if it is found that the bottom has been dry, should be wet, until the bottom layer is wet and then wipe the surface layer. (2) Empty drum: The main reason is that the grassroots processing is not clean or has a recess, a plaster is too thick and so on. Before plastering, the grassroots floor should be cleaned, and 2 to 3 days before the start of the wall watering, the depth of penetration of 10 mm before construction, there are deep recesses, mortar should be filled in advance. (3) Explosive ash: The main reason is that the material quality is not good, there are impurities or mud. Before construction, the quality of the materials should be carefully checked. The sand must be sieved before being used. (4) Cracks: The main reason is that the plastering layer is too thick. If the plastering surface is very thick, the construction should be filled with the bottom layer first, or sprayed with anti-cracking agent after the bottom ash has been wiped. In the above cases, the cement mortar should be reworked and repaired. During the repair, the delamination, empty drum, popcorn, and cracks should be removed, and local plastering should be carried out according to the specifications.
5. Estimated duration of the cement mortar wiper
Plastering works are technical projects with strong technical and physical costs. Under the conditions of adequate material preparation, an average of 10 square meters of plaster can be wiped by one person on the roof every day, and 14 square meters can be wiped on the wall. However, two people are required to work together. Different wall base materials and different flatness have a direct influence on the thickness and speed of the plaster, so the duration will also change significantly. Plastering works can be done in parallel with other guards.
Floor Acceptance Cement Home Improvement Switch Window Paint Kitchen Wall Tiles Bathroom Tiles Color Bathroom Wall Tiles Bathroom Tiles Bathroom Size Tile Plastic Kitchen Tile Tiles Specifications
Weifang Meltway Co., Ltd. , http://www.wfsnowmelting.com