Fertilization during fertilization is generally divided into two types: composting and topdressing. The specific time depends on the variety, the fertilizer requirement, and the growth results of the tree. Under normal circumstances, it is appropriate to apply fertilizer four times a year: 1 pre-flowering fertilizer or sprouting fertilizer (early April). 2 After the flower fertilizer (mid-May). These two fertilizers can effectively promote germination, flowering and timely prevent the loss of nutrients due to flowering, reduce the rate of fruit set, and promote the growth of new shoots. 3 Flower bud differentiation and young fruit swelling (from the end of May to the beginning of June). The top dressing is to meet the needs of fruit enlargement, branch growth and flower bud differentiation. The fertilization is mainly based on potassium fertilizer. 4 Fertilizer application period is best in autumn (mid-September). When the fertilizer is mainly applied to the farmyard manure, the phosphorus is applied according to the total amount of the whole year. In order to fully exert the fertilizer effect, the phosphate fertilizer should first be piled with the organic fertilizer, and then mixed and applied. Its function is to ensure the photosynthesis of fruit trees before harvesting to increase the nutrient accumulation, and lay a good foundation for the growth and development of fruit trees in the next year. On the basis of these four fertilizations, it is also necessary to consider the foliar spray fertilizer + melon and fruit. Before July, spray 0.3%~0.5% urea solution + melon fruit and sedative. After July, spray 0.3%~0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or fruit tree micro-fertilizer + melon fruit.
Fertilization site    The capillary roots of roots are the main organs for nutrient absorption of fruit trees. The absorption of fertilizer by fruit trees is mainly done by the root hairs in the roots. Therefore, fertilization in the concentrated distribution of roots is one of the keys to improve fertilizer efficiency.
There is a certain correlation between the aboveground and lower parts of the fruit trees. In general, the distribution of horizontal roots is about 1-2 times the diameter of the canopy, but most of it is concentrated on the outer edge of the canopy projection or a little further away. Its vertical distribution varies with tree species, soil quality, and management level. Generally, the roots of apples, pears, walnuts, chestnuts, grapes, etc. are distributed deeper, reaching 70-80 cm, but more than 80% of the roots are concentrated in the soil layer of about 60 cm, and the root distribution of peach, apricot, plum, and cherry. It is shallow, and most of it is in the soil layer of about 40 cm. Therefore, when fertilizing, the fertilizer should be applied according to this feature. Deep root distribution should be properly applied, and shallow application, organic fertilizer decomposition is slower, fertilizer supply period is longer, it is better to apply fertilizer, fertilizer is more mobile, and can be applied shallowly. For example, organic fertilizer, apple and other deep fruit trees are applied at a depth of 40-60 cm, while peaches and other shallow-rooted fruit trees are 30-40 cm. At the same time, fertilization should be based on the canopy projection edge and a little farther, so that the fertilizer effect can be maximized.
The main point of foliar spray fertilizer depends on the growth of fruit trees. If the fruit trees are weak, the branches and leaves are slowly elongated, and the leaves are yellow or yellowish, this indicates that the fruit trees are hypoxic and iron-deficient, and should be sprayed with nitrogen fertilizer, and some citric acid should be sprayed appropriately. Iron and phosphate fertilizers and potassium fertilizers; if the leaves are green and the branches are too long, and the nitrogen fertilizer is sufficient, the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be applied, and some trace elements should be sprayed appropriately. 1.     It should be noted that the spraying time is performed after the flowering period, the flowering period, the cloudy day of the fruiting period or the sunny day after 5 pm. The interval is 10 to 15 days. 2.     It should be noted that the carbonamine in the fertilizer nitrogen fertilizer and the phosphate rock in the phosphate fertilizer are ineffective or harmful to the foliar spray, and spraying is strictly prohibited. Suitable varieties are urea, superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, plant ash and trace    Borax, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, iron sulfate in the element. Ferric citrate and the like. 3.     It is necessary to distinguish between primary and secondary foliar spray fertilizer is not the main way of fertilization, but only an auxiliary fertilization method used in the case of insufficient soil fertilization. 4.     It should be noted that the spraying concentration of urea is 0.3% to 0.5%, superphosphate is 0.5% to 1.2%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 0.2% to 0.4%, and ternary compound fertilizer is 0.4. % to 0.5%, plant ash 1.5% to 2%, and the concentration of borax, zinc sulfate, ferric citrate, magnesium sulfate, etc. in the trace elements is 0.08% to 0.15%.     If the leaves are sprayed on the surface, pay attention to the parts. The back of the leaves has many vents and the fertilizer is easily absorbed, so the spray should be from the top to the bottom of the leaves. This naturally causes the fertilizer to slide down the leaves.
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