Liquid nitrogen is a liquid state of nitrogen (someone calls it LN2). The boiling point of nitrogen is 77K (-196 °C). At normal atmospheric pressure, the temperature is below 196 degrees Celsius, liquid nitrogen is formed. If pressurized, it can be compared. Liquid nitrogen is obtained at a high temperature.
In industrial production, liquid nitrogen is obtained by fractional distillation of compressed liquid air, which can be used as a deep refrigerant. Because of its chemical inertness, it can be directly contacted with biological tissues and immediately frozen without destroying biological activity. Liquid nitrogen is dangerous, so you should pay attention to the following items during operation:
First, an overview of the dangers of liquid nitrogen
Health hazard: Skin contact with liquid nitrogen can cause frostbite. If the nitrogen generated by vaporization under normal pressure is excessive, the partial pressure of oxygen in the air can be lowered, causing hypoxia and asphyxiation.
Explosion hazard: This product is non-combustible and suffocating.
Second, first aid measures for liquid nitrogen accidental injury
Skin contact: Get medical attention if there is frostbite.
Inhalation: Remove from the scene quickly to fresh air. Keep the airway open. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. If breathing stops, perform artificial respiration immediately and seek medical advice promptly.
Third, fire prevention measures for liquid nitrogen
Hazardous characteristics: In case of high heat, the pressure inside the container increases, there is a danger of cracking and explosion.
Hazardous combustion products: Nitrogen.
Extinguishing method: This product is not flammable. Keep the container in the fire cool with misty water. Spraying with a mist of water accelerates the evaporation of liquid nitrogen, but does not allow the water gun to shoot into liquid nitrogen.
Fourth, liquid nitrogen leakage emergency treatment
Emergency treatment: Quickly evacuate personnel from the contaminated area to the upper reaches, and conduct isolation to strictly restrict access. It is recommended that emergency personnel wear self-contained positive pressure breathing apparatus and wear winter clothes. Do not touch the spill directly. Cut off the source of the leak as much as possible. Prevent the gas from accumulating in the low recess, and use the exhaust fan to send the leaked air to the open space. The leaking container should be properly disposed of, repaired, and used after inspection.
Fifth, the handling and storage of liquid nitrogen
Handling precautions: Closed operation. Closed operation provides good natural ventilation. Operators must be specially trained to strictly follow the operating procedures. It is recommended that operators wear winter clothes and wear cold gloves. Prevent gas from leaking into the workplace air. Lightly load and unload during handling to prevent damage to cylinders and accessories. Equipped with leakage emergency treatment equipment.
Storage Precautions: Store in a cool, ventilated warehouse. The temperature should not exceed 30 °C. The storage area should be equipped with leakage emergency treatment equipment.
Sixth, contact control / personal protection
Work control: Closed operation. Provide good natural ventilation.
Respiratory protection: Generally no special protection is required. However, when the oxygen concentration in the workplace air is less than 18%, an air respirator, oxygen respirator or long tube mask must be worn.
Eye protection: Wear a safety mask.
Body protection: Wear a winter suit.
Hand protection: Wear cold gloves.
Other protection: Avoid high concentration inhalation. Prevent frostbite.
Seventh, liquid nitrogen transportation precautions
The liquid nitrogen railway will not be transported for the time being. The helmet on the cylinder must be worn when transporting in a rigid bottle. The cylinders are generally laid flat, and the bottles should be oriented in the same direction, and should not be crossed; the height should not exceed the fence of the vehicle, and the triangle mats should be used to prevent rolling. Summer should be transported in the morning and evening to prevent sun exposure.
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