Xi'an Mineral Resources Master Plan

Chapter I General Provisions I. The purpose of the plan is to implement the National Mineral Resources Plan, the General Plan for Mineral Resources of Shaanxi Province from 2001 to 2010, and the Outline of the Tenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of Xi'an. The macro-control and scientific and standardized management of the exploration, development and utilization of mineral resources in our city will further adjust and optimize the mining structure, so that the mine ecological environment can be effectively protected and improved, and promote the rapid and sustainable development of mining and related industries in our city. The Xi'an Mineral Resources Planning (2001-2010) was compiled.
II. Planning Tasks Xi'an Mineral Resources Planning (2001-2010) is the normative document for the exploration and utilization of mineral resources and the exploitation and protection of mineral resources in the next 10 years. The main task is to explore the mineral resources of the city in the future. Comprehensive planning and arrangement for the evaluation, development, utilization and protection of the direction layout and various indicators, as well as mine ecological environmental protection and restoration and management, so that the Municipal People's Government and the land and resources departments can effectively supervise the exploration and development of mineral resources in accordance with the law. management.
Third, the basis of planning:
1. The relevant laws, regulations and policies of the State mainly include the Law of the People's Republic of China on Mineral Resources, the Regulations on the Implementation of the Mineral Resources Law, the Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China, the National Mineral Resources Planning, and the Ministry of Land and Resources. Notice on Mineral Resources Planning Work (Guo Tu Zi Fa [2001] No. 39), Ministry of Land and Resources, “Interim Measures for the Management of Mineral Resources Planning” (Guo Tu Zi Fa [1999] No. 356), Ministry of Land and Resources, “Provincial Mineral Resources Planning Achievements” Requirements (Guo Tu Zi Fa [2001] No. 212), Ministry of Land and Resources, "Guidelines for the preparation of municipal and county-level mineral resources planning" and relevant national industrial policies.
2. The relevant regulations and social and economic development plans of Shaanxi Province and Xi'an Municipality mainly include the Outline of the Tenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of Shaanxi Province and the Outline of the Tenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of Xi'an. Regulations on Mineral Resources Management of Shaanxi Province, “General Planning of Mineral Resources of Shaanxi Province from 2001 to 2010” and development plans of other relevant departments.
3. The mineral resources and their exploration, development and utilization mainly include the “Shanxi Province Mineral Resources Reserves (End of 2001)”, “Xi'an Mineral Resources Development and Utilization “10th Five-Year Plan” (2000), and “Lantian County Mineral Resources Development and Utilization”. Planning (2000), "Zhouzhi County Mineral Resources (2002)", "Xi'an City 2001 Mineral Resources Development and Utilization Analysis Report", major mineral deposit census, detailed investigation, exploration geological report, and national related mineral industry indicators, National standards (GB) and industry standards (DZ) for geological exploration specifications such as deposit size.
4. The scope and duration of the plan shall apply to all mineral resources within the administrative area of ​​the municipality. The base period for planning is 2001, the target period is 2005, and the outlook is for 2010.
V. Planning results The results of the planning mainly include planning texts, schedules (15 types) and drawings (4 photos). In addition, according to the requirements of the Ministry of Land and Resources on electronic data, a database including the basic situation of mineral resources, the status of development and utilization, the planning and development and utilization planning division, and some layer databases are provided. The information management system of mineral resources in Xi'an was initially established.
Chapter II Mineral Resources and Its Development and Utilization Situation I. Overview of Economic, Social and Mining Development (I) Economic and Social Development Overview Xi'an City is located in the hinterland of Guanzhong in Shaanxi Province. It is the political, economic, scientific and cultural center of the province and also the western part of China. One of the capital cities with the most economic and technological vitality and competitiveness is the bridgehead for the development of the western region and plays an extremely important role in China's economic and social development.
As a famous ancient capital of China, Xi'an has created a prosperous and prosperous history of China and even the world. Since the reform and opening up, it has revived the Han and Tang dynasties. The national economy has grown at a rapid rate of 13%, especially high-tech (including electronics, aerospace, etc.), tourism, Industries such as commerce, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, machinery and equipment, construction and building materials occupy a pivotal position in the province. In 2001, the city's GDP (gross domestic product) reached 73.4 billion yuan, with a per capita income of 10,500 yuan; the total industrial output value was 93.01 billion yuan, the total agricultural output value was 7.68 billion yuan, and the total export trade was 2.7 billion US dollars. In 2001, the per capita disposable income city was 6,705 yuan, and the rural area was 2,357 yuan. The city's total fiscal revenue was 8.3 billion yuan, an increase of 20.5% over the previous year. During the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" period, the urban infrastructure construction was significantly improved, and the economic structure became more reasonable. The proportion of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries was adjusted from 12.53:40.97:46.5 in 1995 to 6.25:44.45:49.7. The proportion of the tertiary industry was higher than the national average. 10 percentage points. The non-public sector of the economy has grown rapidly, and a pattern of common economic development has taken shape.
(II) Status and role of mining industry Xi'an has jurisdiction over 13 districts and counties with a total area of ​​10,108 km2, of which 37.5% are Guanzhong Plain, 48.6% in mountainous areas, 7.5% in hills and 6.4% in loess. Compared with many large cities in China, Xi'an has rich mineral resources, and the development and utilization of gold, building materials, non-metallic minerals, geothermal, mineral water and other resources for the city's economic development, infrastructure construction and tourism hotels and other tertiary industries. Development has played a certain role in promoting. However, mining is not a pillar industry in Xi'an, and it is still subordinate in the economic and social development of the city. In 2001, the output value of the mining industry in the city was 25,621,670 yuan, accounting for 0.28% of the total industrial output value of the city; the output value of mining and related raw materials processing industry was 2.248 billion yuan, accounting for 2.42% of the total industrial output value; the number of employees in the mining industry was 15,645, and the per capita output value 1.51 million yuan. On the other hand, Xi'an is one of China's mega-cities and one of the world's four ancient capitals. It is a national key tourist city, and the ecological environment must be effectively protected. The Qinling Mountains must build more ecological environmental protection zones and forest parks, and There are many historical sites and ancient cultural sites. Therefore, the development of mineral resources must be carried out within a certain scope and extent under the premise of protecting the ecological environment. II. Investigation, Evaluation, Exploration, Development, Utilization and Protection of Mineral Resources (I) Geological Survey Xi'an City has two first-level geotectonic units. Generally, it is bounded by the Baoji-Jiaozhen-Tiefuzi fault (part of the Badu-虢zhen-Tieluzi-Sanwei deep fault), the northern part of which is the southern margin of the North China Plate, and the south belongs to the Qinling fold belt. In the long-term geological evolution, the two structural units in the north and the south have formed distinctive mineral resources. The northern Guanzhong Plain and the Laoshan area are mainly minerals such as groundwater, geothermal, mineral water, brick and clay, and construction sand. The southern Qinling orogenic belt forms metals and non-corrosion related to tectonic, sedimentary, metamorphic and magmatic processes. Metal minerals.
The Qinling fold system experienced multi-cycle tectonic movements such as Caledonian, Hualixi, and Indosinian. The structure is very complicated, the magmatic intrusion activity is strong, and the stratum is generally metamorphosed. The main folds include the Ganzi complex syncline, the Laojunling complex anticline, and the slab house complex slanting. The main deep faults include the Qinling Beibei piedmont fault, the Liuye estuary-turf fault, and the thick scorpion-Chenhe fault. , Shaliangzi - Sifangtai fault, Songmugou - Xindianzi fault. The deep faults are of great significance for mineralization. Some important large deposits in the area, such as the Ma'anqiao Gold Mine, the Anjiaqi Gold Mine, and the Ganzi Rutile Mine, are distributed in or on the large fault zone.
The strata in the area are more comprehensive, including Taikoo Yutaihua Group, Yuanguyu Tietonggou Formation, Kuanping Group, Qinling Group, Xiong'er Group, Gaoshanhe Group, Lower Paleozoic Danfeng Group, Xiaguanguan Group, and Han The dynasty, the Ordovician-Silu, the Upper Paleozoic Devonian Gudaoling Formation, Xinghongpu Formation, Niuchuanchuan Formation, Igougou Formation, Qingshitun Formation, Tonglusi Formation and Carboniferous, Permian, The Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous systems of the Mesozoic, and the Tertiary and Quaternary of the Cenozoic.
The Taihua Group is mainly distributed in the nine rooms of Lantian County, the Wuyuan area and the Linyi Mountain area. The minerals related to it are gold, molybdenum and graphite. Yuanguyu is mainly distributed in the Lantian area, and there are a small amount of exposure in Zhouzhi County, Huxian County and Chang'an District. The minerals related to it are gold, iron, nickel, copper, molybdenum, rutile, talc, marble, dolomite, jade, etc. . The Lower Paleozoic is mainly distributed in Laojunling, Zhouzhi County, in the Dongliushui area of ​​Hu County. It is also exposed in the Ziziping in Chang'an District and the Xindianzi in Lantian County. The minerals associated with it are gold, copper, limestone and marble. , graphite, pyrite, crystal, etc. The Upper Paleozoic is mainly distributed in the mountainous areas in the southern part of Zhouzhi County and in the Changziping-Liantian lawn area. The minerals associated with it are gold, iron, graphite, dolomite, potassium-bearing rocks and marble. The Tertiary and Quaternary are mainly distributed in the plain area and Linyi Mountain. The minerals related to it are construction sand, ceramsite clay, brick and tile clay, geothermal, mineral water and groundwater.
The magmatic rocks in the area are relatively developed, and they are produced from ultrabasic rocks to acidic rocks, among which the acidic rocks are the most widely distributed. Acidic rocks are mainly distributed in the south and east of Lantian County, southwest of Zhouzhi County, and in the south of Chang County and Hu'an District. The minerals related to it are gold, uranium, molybdenum, rare earth, facing granite and potassium-bearing rock. Neutral rocks are mainly distributed in the east of Zhouzhi County, Donghe River, Hubao River, and Hulanjiaping-Hangyangou, Huxian County. The minerals associated with it are diorite for facing. The basic rocks are mainly distributed in the areas of Sifangtai and Duziling in Zhouzhi County, and the minerals associated with them are gabbro and Huichanghui greenstone. The ultrabasic rocks are mainly distributed in the Qinggangyu of Zhouzhi County, the Lanjiaping of Hu County, the Ziziping of Chang'an District and the Lantian Lawn. The minerals related to it are serpentine, tremolite, talc and jade.
(II) Overview of Mineral Resources By the end of 2001, the city had discovered 54 kinds of minerals, 16 kinds of minerals with proven resource reserves, and 19 kinds of controlled and inferred resources. Among them, metal minerals include gold, silver, platinum, copper, lead, zinc, molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt, nickel, iron, manganese, chromium, antimony, bismuth, lithium, antimony, bismuth, antimony, selenium and cadmium. Minerals include limestone, marble, facing granite, gabbro, basalt, amphibolite, diorite, foundry sand, sillimanite, dolomite, graphite, rutile, asbestos, zeolite, quartzite for glass, glass Pulse quartz, potassium-bearing rock, peat, serpentine, pyrite, apatite, talc, kaolin, construction sand, brick clay, ceramsite clay, tremolite, jade, crystal 29, energy minerals There are two kinds of geothermal and uranium, and water and gas minerals have mineral water and groundwater. In addition, the city has a wealth of ornamental stone resources. Since groundwater has the dual attributes of mineral resources and water resources, its exploration is undertaken by the land and resources department, and development and utilization are the responsibility of other relevant departments. This plan does not discuss the development and utilization of groundwater.
A total of 108 mineral deposits were discovered in the city, of which 11 large ones, 29 medium-sized ones, 68 small ones, and 194 mines (mineralization points) were identified. There is 1 geothermal (water) in large deposits, including 2 potassium rocks, 1 graphite, 3 granites, 1 amphibolite, 1 dolomite, 1 marble, and 1 ceramsite clay.
(III) Characteristics of dominant minerals and resources 1. Advantageous minerals The dominant minerals in Xi'an include geothermal, mineral water, uranium, gold, granite, gabbro, limestone, marble, ceramsite clay, construction sand, graphite, jade, Potassium-containing rocks, etc. Among them, the predicted resource of geothermal (water) is 5.2 billion cubic meters, the controlled resource is 537 million cubic meters; the identified resource reserve of mineral water is 15.18 million cubic meters per day; the controlled and predicted resource of gold is 42.36 tons, and the basic reserves are 6.64 tons (up to 5.86 tons of upper reserves); the controlled and predicted resources of the granite are 89.82 million cubic meters; the basic reserves of ceramsite clay are 11.72 million tons, and the predicted resources are 30 million tons; the control and forecast resources of potassium-containing rocks are 433.71. 10,000 tons, the basic reserves of 184,400 tons; the control resources of cement limestone is 35.66 million tons, and the basic reserves are 40.06 million tons. In general, the city has fewer dominant minerals and a lower proportion of basic reserves.
2. Resource characteristics Geothermal resources have great potential economic value in the context of developing green energy in the 21st century. Mineral water resources are abundant, concentrated in distribution, and of good quality. With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, they have significant economic advantages.
There are few types of metal minerals, except for three medium-sized gold deposits, all of which are small deposits or mines. In addition, there are few rich ore, and there are many lean ore; there are few single deposits, and there are many associated deposits and complex components. In particular, gold, silver, lead, zinc, copper and other mineral deposits are associated with various useful components to varying degrees, which increases the difficulty of selecting and smelting deposits. On the other hand, some minerals that are important to the national economy, such as copper, iron, and chromium, are in short supply.
Non-metallic minerals have relatively large types and large reserves, which play a leading role in the development of mining economy in Xi'an. Among them, limestone for cement, marble for cement, ceramsite clay, granite for veneer, gabbro, graphite, potassium-bearing rock, kaolin, quartz for glass and dolomite are controlled by census or detailed inspection to reach large and medium scale. There are 24 places, and the prospective reserves are huge. Non-metallic minerals are widely distributed, such as dozens of construction sands, more than 10 limestones for cement, and more than 10 granites (including gabbro), distributed in counties and districts. According to the types of minerals, building materials and minerals have an absolute advantage, which can guarantee the needs of urban construction and infrastructure construction in Xi'an.
(IV) Survey and evaluation of mineral resources and survey status Xi'an has completed 1:500,000 and 1:200,000 regional geological surveys, 1:200,000 regional geochemical surveys, 1:100,000 geothermal surveys, 1:100,000 groundwaters and Mineral water survey, the key metallogenic areas have completed 1:50,000 regional geology (including mineral geology) survey and 1:50,000 chemical exploration work, in addition to the 1:500,000 environmental geological survey, the basic geological structure The regional distribution characteristics of grids, stratigraphic sequences, rock masses and major minerals, as well as environmental geological and geological hazard profiles.
The exploration level of mineral resources is higher in metal minerals, especially in gold mines. The main deposits have reached the level of exploration or detailed investigation. There are 5 proven reserves, including Maanqiao, Jindonggou, Jiangjun, Xiangziyu and Lushan cold water ditch. Waiting for gold mines. Geothermal is the level of census, groundwater and mineral water as much as detailed or exploration level. The degree of exploration of non-metallic minerals is low, and only 4 of the 41 small or larger deposits have been surveyed or investigated in detail, mostly for census or pre-examination. Construction sand used to be mainly mined in rivers and riverbeds, and flood control requirements must be transferred to the mining area, but the exploration of ancient floodplain and terrace sandstone is still blank. (V) Status and Guarantee of Mineral Resources Development and Utilization A total of 24 minerals have been developed and utilized in Xi'an, accounting for 44.5% of the discovered minerals, including 1 ferrous metal mineral, 3 non-ferrous metal minerals, 2 precious metal minerals, and metallurgical auxiliary. There are 2 kinds of raw non-metallic minerals, 2 kinds of non-metallic minerals for chemical raw materials, 10 kinds of building materials and other non-metallic minerals, 2 kinds of energy minerals, and 2 kinds of water and gas minerals. There are 337 various types of mining enterprises. In 2001, the output value of the mining industry in the city was 25,621,670 yuan. At present, the focus of development and utilization in Xi'an is geothermal, mineral water, building materials, non-metal and gold.
Gold mines: There are more than 20 places of production, but there is only one medium-sized deposit with proven reserves. There are only two medium-scale scales for controlling and inferring resources, and the rest are small deposits or mines. In terms of the identification of resource reserves, the gold resources of Xi'an can not meet the needs of mine production and economic development. At present, some mines (such as Xiangziyu and Kuqian) have experienced a shortage of backup resources, and some mines are closed due to depletion of resources. . The 18 deposits (points) with the identified resource reserves have been developed and utilized to varying degrees, and five different scales of plants have been established. Due to enterprise restructuring, lag in resource exploration, and rectification of mine pipe order, 15 mines (mines) were closed or shut down in 2001, and 3 production mines were produced. The larger one is Maanqiao Gold Mine, with an annual production capacity of 22 Ten thousand tons. The gold production in Xi'an was 22,000 in 2001, ranking second in the national central cities. At present, the mining rate of Yanjin Mine in our city is 94.4%, the mining depletion rate is 9.67%, the ore recovery rate is 86%, and the resource utilization rate is high.
Geothermal: The development of geothermal resources is on the rise. By the end of 2001, Xi'an has become 153 hot water wells, including 81 in urban areas, 45 in Chang'an District, 11 in Linyi District, 1 in Yanliang District, and 6 in Huxian County. There are 6 counties, 3 Zhouzhi County, 2 hot springs (Linyi Mountain and Lantian Tangyu), and the annual mining volume is 5,854,500 cubic meters. Geothermal water is mainly used for bathing, heating, heating, breeding, fitness and other aspects. According to the reserves of geothermal water collected by Xi'an City, it can fully meet the needs of people's living and tourism development in the future. However, the current geothermal exploration and development layout is unreasonable, urban development is relatively fast, and the degree of exploration and development in the suburbs is relatively low. According to the provincial government's spirit of hot spring tourism development, Xi'an plans to build four hot spring resorts such as Linyi Mountain, Zhouzhilou View, Lantian Tangyu and Chang'an Dongda. It needs a stable supply of geothermal water. On the one hand, it needs to strengthen the suburbs. Geothermal resource exploration and development, on the other hand, it is necessary to rationally utilize and protect geothermal resources, transform existing facilities and processes, improve resource utilization, and pay equal attention to development and conservation.
Mineral water: 32 mineral water producing areas have been discovered in Xi'an, mainly distributed in Chang'an District, Lantian County and Yanta District, Linyi District, Xincheng District and Yanqiao District, with a proven resource reserve of 15.18 million cubic meters per day. At present, 12 enterprises have developed 10 mineral waters, with an annual production of 76,700 tons of mineral water, 3.83 million barrels, and an output value of 21.65 million yuan. Xi'an has rich mineral water and great potential for resources, which can guarantee the development needs. However, it is necessary to strengthen exploration and evaluation in the future, especially the mineral water production area in the Weihe Valley, and monitor the quality changes of the developed mineral water, and plan to develop and utilize it. Support, create a well-known brand, can not rush. In the future, the development of mineral water will not only ensure the needs of the city, but also export.
Cement limestone (Dalian rock): 12 cement limestone deposits have been surveyed and explored, there are still more than 10 mine sites, and 4 resource reserves have been identified. However, the current level of development is relatively low, and the scale is small. There are 22 mining enterprises that have developed 9 deposits. In 2001, the output was 407,000 tons, and the output value was 3.857 million yuan. The larger scale was the Xiaozhai limestone mine in Lantian County (2001 production was 220,000 tons). The output value is 13.2 million yuan). At present, the development of cement limestone in Xi'an cannot meet the needs of the rapid development of the city's economy, especially the high-quality cement limestone is too low.
Facing stone minerals: There are 5 mining enterprises in the city to develop facing stone, mainly granite and marble, and the gabbro is not yet developed, and the degree of development is also low. In 2001, the output was 1,100 cubic meters, and the output value was 3.1 million yuan. The larger scale was the Caojing Granite Mine in Lantian County (2001 production of 420 cubic meters, output value of 1.5 million yuan).
Construction sand: At present, there are 25 registered mining enterprises and more than 30 mining sites. The annual amount of sand and gravel is 635,500 tons and the output value is 16.665 million yuan. As one of the central cities in China, Xi'an has a faster economic development in the future. Urban infrastructure, industrial facilities and residential construction will require a large amount of construction sand. Xi'an's construction sand reserves are abundant and the amount of mining is large, which can meet the needs of the city's 10 million cubic meters per year. However, in the past, it was mainly exploited in rivers. In the future, the exploration and development of gravel in the floodplains and terraces on both sides of the river should be strengthened to ensure market demand without affecting the safety of bridges and other facilities in the river.
The development and utilization of other minerals are low, and the resource guarantee is not enough.
In summary, the mineral resources of Xi'an City are difficult to meet the needs of the city's economic and social development. Therefore, while fully utilizing the city's mineral resources, it is mainly necessary to import mineral products from outside the city, outside the province, and abroad to establish smooth mineral products. The supply channel is crucial.
(VI) Major problems in the exploration, development and utilization of mineral resources 1. Geological exploration work lags behind the needs of economic and social development. The first is that the degree of exploration is relatively low. Many mineral deposits with large prospects of mineral deposits are only pre-examined and censused. The reserves of resources are unknown. Many mines are side-by-side exploration, such as rice pots and some superior minerals, such as potassium-bearing rocks. , cement limestone, etc., the amount of resources is large, but the reserve base reserve available for planning and design is only 10% ±, can not meet the requirements. The clay mines for construction sand and bricks have not been geologically surveyed, which has a great impact on development and utilization. The second is that the growth rate of some important metal and non-metal mineral resources is lower than the consumption rate, such as gold, iron, glass quartz, etc. The proven reserves have been mostly used, and some of the mine resources are exhausted or depleted, such as Lantian County. General Jinjin, silver mines, Huxian lininggou gold mines, etc., no follow-up resources.
2. The development and utilization of mineral resources is extensive. The mining enterprises in the city are small in scale, with only two medium-sized mines (except for the development of geothermal and construction sand), and the rest are small and small mines. The overall situation is “small, scattered, poor, and low”; production methods and technical equipment are backward. The level of technology is low, the technological transformation capability is weak, the resource utilization rate and comprehensive utilization level are low, and the waste of resources is more serious. The fine deep processing capability of mineral products is low. Most enterprises are in the stage of selling raw ore and primary processed products. The products are single, and the scale of industrial economy and industrial chain has not been formed. The economic benefits of resources have not been fully utilized. In addition, some mining enterprises have low management levels, poor market adaptability, and long-term low efficiency.
3. The problem of mine ecological environment is more prominent. In the development and utilization of mineral resources, environmental protection and ecological restoration are neglected, and the rate of restoration of ecological environment is low. Some mines destroyed vegetation during development, causing soil erosion and affecting the tourist landscape; some mining sandstone enterprises mining construction sand and gravel caused flood control projects and farmland destruction.
4. Mineral resources exploration and development system reform and opening up to the outside world, commercial mineral exploration and operation mechanism is not perfect, mining rights market is developing slowly, mining investment and operating environment are poor, and foreign and provincial funds are used for mineral resources exploration and development. The funds are limited and the entire mining capital market operation system has not yet been formed. Insufficient funds have severely restricted the development of mineral resources exploration and development in this Municipality. In addition, the minerals trade market is not standardized (such as sand and gravel), which is not conducive to management. Chapter III Basic Principles and Objectives of Planning I. Planning and guiding ideology Implement a series of laws, regulations, guidelines and policies of the state on the development and protection of mineral resources, adhere to the sustainable development strategy, and follow the mineral resources “development in protection, development The general principle of “protection in China” fully implements the requirements of “National Mineral Resources Planning” and “General Planning of Mineral Resources of Shaanxi Province”, rationally utilizes and effectively protects the city’s mineral resources, and at the same time protects and restores the mine ecological environment and mineral resources. Development and environmental protection are coordinated and healthy.
Strengthening the macro-control and guidance of planning is conducive to the supervision of mineral resources exploration and development, and is conducive to the operation of the market. Starting from the mining situation and economic development needs of Xi'an, make full use of "two kinds of resources, two markets", adjust the mining structure of our city, and strive to achieve the unity of economic, social and environmental benefits of mineral resources, national interests, The unity of local interests and the interests of mining enterprises. The city's market, the provincial market and the domestic and foreign markets of resource allocation are coordinated.
Second, the basic principles Starting from the above guiding ideology, Xi'an's mineral resources planning must adhere to the following basic principles:
1. The principle of adapting the exploration and development of mineral resources to the sustainable development of the economy, on the one hand, moderately advances the exploration and evaluation of mineral resources with limited advantages, so that the consumption of mineral reserves is increased in time, and strives to provide more new production reserve bases. . On the other hand, it is necessary to rationally develop and utilize mineral resources, improve resource utilization and comprehensive utilization levels, and strive to provide reserves of national strategic reserves of mineral resources (such as uranium).
2. Market-oriented and strengthen the government's macro-control ability principle While strengthening the investigation and evaluation of basic, public-serving and strategic mineral resources, the market-oriented accelerated commercial geological exploration will enable the reserves of superior minerals and urgently needed minerals. Timely growth; full use of "two kinds of resources, two markets", encourage domestic and foreign investors to explore and develop; while actively cultivating and completing market allocation of resources, enhance the government's macro-control ability for mineral resources exploration and development, and regulate minerals Total resource exploitation, optimize resource utilization structure and layout, coordinate and supervise the investment environment for mineral resources exploration and development, and establish and improve a scientific mineral resource management system.
3. The principle of equal emphasis on resources development and environmental protection. The development of mineral resources should also produce good social and environmental benefits while focusing on maximizing economic benefits. Resolutely implement the principle of “who develops who protects, who pollutes who governs, who destroys who recovers, who uses compensation”, and comprehensively applies legal, economic and administrative means to improve the mine ecological environment. Advocate the green mining development model and adopt advanced technology to minimize waste of resources, environmental damage and pollution.
4. Principles of Coordinating Planning and Coordinated Development of Regional Economy The exploration and development of mineral resources in Xi'an should consider the mining development and mining economic interests of the region, as well as the mineral resources planning of Shaanxi Province and the whole country and the “Ten of Xi’an City”. The five-year economic development plan implements the mining policies of the state and Shaanxi Province, exerts advantages, highlights key points, and coordinates development with Shaanxi and Xi'an.
5. The principle of scientific and technological development strengthens the scientific research of mineral exploration, development and mine ecological environmental protection, actively carries out scientific and technological innovation and technological transformation, introduces advanced production technology, and relies on scientific and technological progress to improve the comprehensive utilization of mineral resources, mineral product transformation and deep processing capability. Expand the prospects for prospecting in the deep and peripheral areas of old mines, promote advanced and effective mine ecological environment restoration and management technologies, and promote the development of mining in the city to a higher level and level.
III. Planning Objectives The overall objectives of exploration, development, utilization and protection of mineral resources in Xi'an: First, strengthen the macro-control of mineral resources exploration, development and utilization in accordance with the national mining development policy, including the regulation of total mining, the structure of mineral exploitation and utilization, and the structure of mining enterprises. And the regulation of the layout, so that mineral exploration and development and utilization along the orderly healthy track development. The second is to cultivate and standardize the mining rights market and improve the capital market operation system. While strengthening public welfare geological survey and evaluation, we will strive to expand commercial mineral resources exploration to provide reliable resource guarantee for mining and economic development in Xi'an. The third is to improve the utilization efficiency and comprehensive utilization level of mineral resources, realize the transformation of resource utilization from extensive to intensive, and promote the effective protection and rational development and utilization of mineral resources. Fourth, efforts are made to improve the mine's ecological environment and promote the sustainable development of mining and economy.
(I) Targets for 2005 1. Public welfare geological survey evaluation and commercial mineral resources exploration respectively achieved major breakthroughs. Make full use of the national new round of land and resources survey project fund, the investment of basic research funds and mineral resources compensation fees of the Ministry of Science and Technology, and improve the level of basic geological research, especially the investigation and evaluation of environmental geology and geological tourism resources in the northern foot of Qinling Mountains. The mine area has mineral geological surveys in the prospecting area, providing 2-3 large and medium-sized mineral exploration targets with further exploration value. Encourage commercial exploration of advantages and shortages of minerals, and strive to make major breakthroughs in mineral exploration such as gold, copper, cement limestone, and granite for facing, and improve the reserve guarantee of these mineral development in the city.
2. The structure and layout of mineral resources development and utilization have been adjusted. First, encourage and support the development and utilization of the country's shortages and the dominant minerals in the region, such as geothermal, mineral water, gold, copper, cement limestone, etc., strict control of national restrictions (reserves), mines and areas prohibited from mining; Strictly implement the resource utilization mode of large mines and excellent mines, and prohibit large mines from opening. Encourage support for small-scale mining enterprises to establish medium-sized and above joint ventures through acquisitions, mergers and reorganizations, and reduce the number of mining enterprises by 30%, such as brick and clay mines, construction sandstone mines and cement limestone mines. Third, through the management and regulation of mining rights, the mining scale of mining enterprises is compatible with the amount of resources occupied.
3. The effective protection and rational utilization of mineral resources have been significantly improved. The advanced mining method and beneficiation process have made the mineral resources mining recovery rate and ore dressing recovery rate reach the national average level. The comprehensive utilization level of the associated minerals, tailings and slag has been greatly improved. The varieties and quantity of deep-processed products are A large increase, so as to continuously improve the efficiency of resource utilization.
4. The protection and restoration of the mine ecological environment has made significant progress. The supervision of the ecological environment of the mine has been strengthened; no new mining projects with irreversible or destructive effects on the ecological environment will be established; the “three wastes” treatment rate of the mines basically meets the national requirements; and the secondary geological disasters caused by mining are reduced or controlled; Gradually implement the mine environment restoration and management deposit system, and restore the governance rate to more than 30%.
5. Establish and improve the strict operational operability of the municipal and county level, the operational mechanism of the combination of government macro-control and market resource allocation, and gradually form an investment development system centered on the mining rights market and capital market.
(II) Prospects for 2010 The mining economy has developed steadily, and the output value of the mining industry has further increased. The contribution rate to the economic development of Xi'an has been significantly improved.
The supervision system and operation mechanism of mineral resources exploration, development and protection are perfect, the level of informatization is obviously improved, the mining rights market is formed, and the mining investment environment is greatly improved.
The mining structure and layout are more reasonable. A number of large and medium-sized mining enterprises have been built, and 10% of small-scale mining enterprises have been reduced. The mining economy has embarked on the road of intensification, scale and modernization. The utilization rate of mineral resources development and comprehensive utilization level have been further improved, and the deep processing mineral product series has entered the market.
Forming a green mining development model, the development and utilization of mineral resources and the coordinated development of mine ecological environment protection, greatly reducing the loss rate of environmental resources in mineral development, and the restoration rate of mine ecological environment is over 60%. Chapter IV Investigation and Evaluation of Mineral Resources and Exploration Planning According to the status quo of mineral resources geological survey and exploration in Xi'an and the needs of national economic development, in accordance with the principle of public welfare geological survey and commercial mineral exploration and distribution system, actively strive to use land resources Investigate project funds and other sources of funds, conduct in-depth public welfare geological surveys and strategic mineral resources surveys in key areas, and strive to identify a number of exploration bases with important prospecting prospects. At the same time, we actively attracted and fully utilized domestic and foreign funds to conduct commercial mineral exploration in our city, and through the bidding, the geological exploration work flourished in the process of marketization.
I. Public Welfare Geological Survey and Evaluation (1) The investigation and evaluation of resources such as gold and copper in the Maanqiao-Changan Kuyu area around Zhou, predicting and conducing favorable prospecting areas (segments), and forecasting the total resources of gold and copper for the future of Xi'an The strategic deployment of gold and copper exploration provides a reliable scientific basis.
(2) Environmental geological survey and evaluation of Xi'an urban area and Zhouzhi-Linyi along the northern foot of Qinling Mountains, to identify regional environmental stability and impact on surrounding infrastructure, investigate the areas and types of geological disasters, and investigate the ground fissures in Xi'an. Distribution, development trends and hazards.
(3) Investigation of geological tourism resources in the northern foot of Qinling Mountains. Taking the Cuihuashan National Geological Park as the core, it identifies the types and distribution areas of major geological tourism resources, and the relationship with other tourism resources (humanities, scenic spots, etc.) and joint development layout of Xi'an.
(IV) Investigation and evaluation of geothermal resources in the Guanzhong Plain area of ​​Xi'an City, mainly investigating the shallow depth of 3000m, predicting the depth of 4500m, and objectively evaluating the development prospect and protection of the total amount of geothermal water resources.
(5) Exploration and evaluation of groundwater source in the suburbs of Xi'an, striving to discover new water sources and evaluate the changes in water quality of existing water sources.
2. Exploration of commercial mineral resources (1) Directions for encouraging commercial exploration of mineral resources 1. Exploration of geothermal resources in suburbs;
2. Exploration of scarce minerals in countries such as gold, silver, copper, bismuth and antimony;
3. Exploration of mineral resources of new lightweight building materials such as ceramsite clay;
4. Exploration of high quality facing stone minerals (eg gabbro);
5. Exploration of high-quality cement limestone and marble minerals;
6. Exploration of high quality kaolin, potassium-bearing rock and quartz sandstone;
7. Prospecting exploration in the deep and peripheral areas of old mines;
8. Exploration of geological tourism resources, environmental geology, urban geology, agricultural geology, etc.;
9. Exploration of sand used for ancient floodplains and terraces in rivers.
10. Exploration of jade and ornamental stone resources.
11. Exploration and evaluation of mineral water.
(2) Restricting the exploration area to restrict mineral resources exploration in provincial and municipal forest parks, water source second-level protection areas, scenic spots, geological heritage protection areas and geological disaster-prone areas; restricting the development of geothermal and urban areas in Xi'an Groundwater survey (Figure 3, Schedule 7).
(3) It is forbidden to explore mineral resources in the core areas of national and provincial nature reserves, first-class protection areas, cultural relics protection areas, important scenic spots and military restricted areas, and prohibit the transportation, communication, hydropower, Exploration of mineral resources within the scope of important engineering facilities such as electricity (Figure 3, Schedule 7).
（四）重点矿产勘查区1.金属矿产勘查区重点是对周至县马鞍桥—双庙子金、铁勘查区（GK2）、户县秋木庵—东流水金、铜、锌勘查区（GK3）、长安库峪—蓝田草坪金、铁、玉石勘查区（GK4）、蓝田辋川—灞源金、铀、花岗岩勘查区（GK5）进行勘查。对安家岐金矿进行详查或勘探。
2.地热资源勘查区鼓励对西安市城区和近郊范围以外的蓝田—周至（GK1）的地热资源进行勘查。
3.水泥灰岩勘查区主要在周至耿峪—户县太平（GK6）、周至四方台—沙梁子（GK8）及蓝田县（GK5）进行勘查。
4.优质建筑材料矿产勘查区重点是对周至四方台—沙梁子（GK8）的辉长岩，蓝田辋川—灞源（GK5）的花岗岩、蓝田李后（GK7）的陶粒粘土进行勘查。
5.玉石勘查区重点是蓝田玉川一带（GK4）。
6.建筑用砂勘查区重点是沣河、浐河、灞河、渭河河道两侧古河漫滩和阶地。
7.矿泉水勘查区重点是蓝田县灞河谷地华胥一带，以及长安区的韦曲镇一带。第五章矿产资源开发利用与保护规划一、调控矿产资源开采总量和方向矿产资源开采总量要与社会经济发展水平和市场需求相适应，并符合国家有关保护和储备某些矿产资源的要求。鼓励开采国内、省内紧缺和我市的优势矿产资源，限制开采供过于求和对生态环境造成严重破坏、污染的矿产，严格限制开采国家出口优势矿产和战略储备矿产。
地热资源限制开采西安市城区和近郊旅游度假区的地热资源，鼓励开采蓝田、户县、周至等远郊区县的地热，全市地热（水）年开采总量控制在800万m3，其中城区限制在550万m3
矿泉水限制开采西安市城区的普通矿泉水，鼓励开采郊区和城区的优质矿泉水，年开采量控制在13万吨（650万桶）。
金属矿产加速金矿开发，至2005年全市黄金产量达3.5万两。铜的产量突破200吨。限制钨矿和贫铁矿的开采。
非金属矿产鼓励开采蓝田、户县的优质水泥灰岩，限制小型矿山开采劣质水泥灰岩。2005年，水泥灰岩年开采总量达到100万吨。鼓励开采饰面大理岩和辉长岩、陶粒粘土等优质建材矿产，2005年饰面大理岩和辉长岩荒料年生产达0.5万m3，陶粒粘土年产2万吨。鼓励开采优质玻璃用石英，限制开采低质量石墨，严格限制和逐步禁止利用农耕地粘土资源加工生产实心砖瓦及在河道主要工程设施规定范围内开采砂石。
二、矿产资源开发利用布局（一）规划矿产种类鼓励开采的矿种有地热、矿泉水、金、银、铜、铅、锌、富铁、铌、钽、钛（金红石）、优质水泥灰岩、饰面用辉长岩、饰面用大理岩、建筑用砂、玻璃用石英、含钾岩石、高岭土、陶粒粘土、玉石等。
限制开采的矿种有铀、钨、硫铁矿、稀土、砖瓦用粘土等。
（二）开采规划分区1.鼓励开采区划为鼓励开采区的条件是矿产资源丰富，分布相对集中，交通、电力、通讯设施较好，易于形成规模开采的地区；属于国家、省内短缺而本市具有优势的矿产分布区，且经过地质勘查后资源前景较大的地区；其他具有市场前景，能带来经济效益的矿产分布区；矿产资源开发后对生态环境扰动不大的地区。
根据上述条件，共划定12个鼓励开采区，分别是：蓝田—周至地热、矿泉水开发区（GC1）、周至马鞍桥—安家岐金矿开发区（GC2）、户县焦家坪——秋木庵金矿开发区（GC3）、蓝田湘子岔—将军岔金银矿开发区（GC4）、周至西骆峪铜矿开发区（GC5）、长安县库峪—蓝田岱峪金矿开发区（GC6）、户县甘峪金红石矿区（GC7）、户县涝峪—太平石灰岩开发区（GC8）、蓝田小寨石灰岩开发区（GC9）、周至四方台—沙梁子优质石材开发区（GC10）、周至下熨斗陶粒粘土矿区（GC11）、西安市崇阳沟—官沟石墨矿区（GC12）和沣河、浐河、灞河、渭河古河漫滩与阶地建筑用砂开发区。
2.限制开采区对于资源开发利用方式和技术落后，易造成资源浪费的地区，开发利用过程中对生态环境有较大影响的地区，以及国家和省级自然保护区的外围保护地带，风景名胜区（包括森林公园、植物园）和地质遗迹保护区，水源地二级保护区、准保护区为限制开采区。
西安市的限制开采区划定12个，分别是：西安市泾渭湿地缓冲区（XC1）、西安市城区及近郊地热资源分布区（XC2）、临潼区骊山—华清池地热分布区（XC3）、长安区东大地热分布区（XC4）、临潼骊山冷水沟金矿区（XC5）、周至黑河水库水源保护区（XC6）、周至田峪水源与秦岭植物园保护区（XC7）、长安石砭峪水库水源保护区（XC8）、长安翠华山国家地质遗迹保护区（XC9）、户县朱雀森林公园保护区（XC10）、户县太平森林公园保护区（XC11）和蓝田上台钨矿区（XC12）。
3.禁止开采区将国家级和省级自然保护区的核心区、水源地一级保护区、重要风景名胜区、重点文物古迹保护区、军事禁区以及主要城镇、铁路、公路、基础设施、重点工程设施周围规定范围内和其他按有关规定不得开采的矿产资源分布区（如战略储备矿产分布区），划为禁止开采区。
按上述原则，在全市范围内共划定4个禁止开采区（附图4，附表8），附表13中西安市名胜古迹核心区内均为禁采区。
（三）重点开发和保护项目1. 周至马鞍桥金矿新增生产能力20万吨/年；
2. 周至安家歧金矿建成年生产能力15万吨矿山；
3. 户县东流水铜矿建成年生产能力12万吨矿山；
4. 周至饰面辉长岩开采和加工，年生产板材12万m2；
5. 周至马召陶粒土矿建成年生产能力3万吨的矿山；
6. 蓝田县高岭土矿开采和加工；
7. 临潼骊山、周至楼观、蓝田汤峪和长安东大4个温泉旅游度假区建设；
8.蓝田小寨水泥灰岩矿山重组扩建，年生产能力提高至30万吨，组建水泥集团；
9.长安区矿泉水开发，扩建成年生产能力5万吨的矿泉水企业集团；
10.蓝田县矿泉水开发，扩建成年生产能力5万吨的矿泉水企业集团；
11.雁塔区矿泉水开发，扩建成年生产能力10万吨的矿泉水企业集团；
12.西安市建筑用砂贸易市场建设，规模为250000平方米；
13.西安市玉石、观赏石贸易市场建设，规模为160000平方米；
14.地热水综合利用；
15.地热水回灌。 （四）重点开发实施方案1.地热开发利用与保护地热是西安市的优势矿产资源，储量巨大，分布广泛。开发地热对西安市的经济发展，尤其是旅游业的发展和人民生活水平的提高具有重要意义。地热资源的开发方案如下：
（1）西安市城区地热开采已达较大规模，严格限制超计划开采。一般在城区不再新增热水井，以保证城区地热水稳定供应。
（2）加快开发郊区地热资源，重点是蓝田县、长安区、户县和周至县,尤其沿秦岭北麓与平原毗邻地带，至2005年新增热水井30口。在临潼骊山、周至楼观、蓝田汤峪和长安东大建成4个温泉旅游度假区，要确保地热水的供给。
（3）开展地热的综合利用项目。一是西安城区采热供暖项目，改造市区现供暖系统，至2005年新增供热面积80万平方米，既节约煤炭和天然气，又减少了污染。二是地热水理疗项目，新增或改建理疗院4个，总面积10000平方米。三是草滩农艺场建设项目，利用地热水灌溉，总面积20万平方米。四是长安东大热水养殖项目，新增热带鱼养殖面积7万平方米，热带鱼苗越冬水面3万平方米。
（4）加强地热资源保护与开发监督管理。对宝贵的地热资源既要保护性开采，又要节约利用。一是变单一用于洗浴为综合利用，降低尾水排放温度，排放尾热水再次利用；二是改造地热水利用设施和工艺，提高热水利用率；三是进行地热水回灌工作，首先在城区和新成热水井实施，不断补充地热水水源。至2005年，实现回灌量占开采量的10%；四是加强地热水开发利用的监管，对超限额开采、浪费资源的企业给予经济处罚，并责令整改。
2.矿泉水生产西安市已查明矿泉水产地32处，保有资源储量1.518万立方米/日，但目前开发程度较低，不但规模小，而且缺少知名品牌，需加速开发。
（1）加大力度开发蓝田县华胥— 洩湖一带以及长安韦曲一带的矿泉水，形成西安市重要的矿泉水开发基地，以上述二基地为主，组建西安市矿泉水集团，走规模化经营之路。年生产矿泉水达13万吨。
（2）进一步提高现有矿泉水质量，扶持“阿雷霸”和“丈八龙泉”创出知名品牌，扩大出口份额。
（3）加强环境保护，确保矿泉水水源不受污染。加强矿泉水水质变化监测和生产过程监管。
3.金矿采选与环境保护（1）重点开发周至马鞍桥—安家歧一带、户县焦家坪—秋木庵一带和蓝田湘子岔—将军岔一带的金矿。一是马鞍桥金矿扩建，新增生产能力20万吨/年；二是安家岔金矿建设，扩大探明资源量，建成年生产能力15万吨的矿山和选厂，实现年利税750万元；三是扩大湘子岔金矿的探明资源储量，稳定原生产能力；四是对户县涝峪地区的金矿进行治理整顿，扶持矿山企业开发银洞沟、大衬沟、金洞沟和西流水的金矿，综合回收东流水铜矿的伴生金。
（2）周至马鞍桥—安家歧一带的金矿地处黑河上游，为保护水源不受污染，必须采取“采选分离”措施，即山上采矿，山外选矿。
（3）周至金牛坪金矿地处秦岭植物园保护区，禁止开采。
4.铜矿采选与综合利用主要开发户县东流水铜矿和周至西骆峪铜矿。东流水铜矿经过详查探明铜资源储量2.80万吨，伴生金资源储量540千克，锌8223吨，银17吨，钴353吨，镉250吨，硒73吨，硫13.5万吨，目前尚未开发。至2005年拟建年生产规模12万吨矿山和选厂，年生产铜800吨，综合回收金、银、锌，实现年利税220万元。西骆峪铜矿经过勘探查明铜资源2.06万吨，伴生锌资源储量5907吨，金1300千克，银10吨，钴66吨，目前停采。经过技改和扩建后，至2005年建成生产能力10万吨/年的矿山。
5.建筑用砂开采与贸易市场建设逐渐减少河道的采砂量，加强长安区斗门镇、高陵县耿镇及浐河、灞河、沣河、渭河古河漫滩与阶地建筑用砂的勘查和开发。
经过治理整顿减少建筑用砂开采企业数量，减少分散零星开采地数量，形成4～6个集中的建筑用砂开采基地，组建1～2个大型矿山企业。至2005年年开采量增至80万吨，满足西安市的建筑需求。
彻底改变西安市建筑用砂市场混乱分散和不规范的现状，筹建2-3处大型建筑用砂集中交易市场，统一管理。
6.水泥用灰岩（大理石）开采与水泥厂建设加强优质水泥用灰岩、大理岩的勘查和开发，建成户县涝峪—太平峪和蓝田小寨两个石灰岩开采基地，至2005年年生产能力增至100万吨。
对户县水泥厂进行扩建和技术改造，并利用绿泥钠长阳起片岩作辅料，取代粘土、铁粉、萤石等配料，烧制高标号硅酸盐水泥，新增水泥生产能力10万吨/年。
对蓝田县几家小水泥厂进行兼并、重组，组建小寨水泥集团，引进先进生产设备和技术，扩大生产规模，生产能力增至每年30万吨，实现年利税1800万元。 7.饰面石材矿产开发和加工加强对优质饰面石材矿产的评价和开发，调整压缩普通石材产品的产量。
重点开发周至县饰面辉长岩，建成年开采荒料1万立方米的矿山和年生产12万平方米板材的加工企业，实现年销售收入3400万元。
对蓝田县饰面花岗岩的开发加工企业进行兼并重组，引进先进的开采技术和加工工艺，开采加工县内质量较好的焦岱花岗岩，2005年开采荒料量增至2500立方米，生产板材3万平方米。
8.高岭土采选和加工筹建蓝田县高岭土加工企业，2005年达年采选能力2万吨，至2008年生产煅烧高岭土，加工成地面砖和卫生陶瓷产品。至2010年生产高纯度超细高岭土，加工成分子筛等产品。
9.建筑石料的开采与加工对开采和加工建筑石料的矿山企业进行专项整顿，关闭沿山面坡、主要公路两侧、重要工程设施规定距离内和风景名胜区的采石场。在沿山区县各选择2-3处石质优良，开采条件便利且对旅游景观和周围环境没有影响的偏僻山沟，集中规模化开采和加工建筑石料，以满足城市建设和基础设施的需要。具体采矿范围由各区县政府提出报市国土资源局审定。
10.砖瓦用粘土和陶粒粘土开采与加工对298个砖瓦生产企业进行关闭、兼并、重组，组建30—40个大中型砖瓦生产企业，压缩开采地数量，扩大企业生产能力，年生产规模须达2000万块砖以上。实行技术改造，大力发展空心砖和节能环保新型墙体材料。逐步减少开采农耕地粘土,加强开发坡地的砖瓦用粘土资源，严禁用农耕地粘土生产实心砖。
加速开发周至县马召陶粒粘土矿，2005年建成年生产能力3万吨的开采加工企业，产品为水泥砌块砖。
11.宝玉石、观赏石贸易市场建设在西安市雁塔区建成一座规模大、档次高、功能全、品种多的宝玉石和观赏石贸易市场，汇集国内外的名贵宝玉石原材料和加工产品，并增加精美的工艺石料和石雕产品。
观赏石品种丰富，来自国内外广大地区，不仅有室内摆设、收藏的小型品种，还有城市花园、宾馆、广场美化用的大型风景石、盆景石等。2006年市场建成后，年贸易额可达5000万元。
三、调整与优化矿产资源开发利用结构（一）规范矿产资源开采的准入条件新办矿山企业必须符合以下准入条件，不符合者均不得以任何理由取得采矿权。
1.新设立的矿山企业申请占用资源储量，必须符合国家和陕西省有关法律法规和省、市矿产资源总体规划要求；
2.矿山开采规模与申请占用资源储量规模相适应，满足矿产资源规划限定的最低开采规模要求；
3.开发利用矿产品必须与规划的资源开发区确定的利用方向相一致，符合国家产业政策,矿产开发利用方案科学合理；
4.可行性研究和经济评价研究表明矿山开发经济技术可行，有经济效益和社会效益；
5.符合矿山环境保护、生态恢复和地质灾害防治等要求；
6.具有相应的资金、人才和管理水平。
（二）调整矿山企业规模根据国家和省的有关规定，以及我市矿产资源特点、开发利用现状和市场需求综合确定矿山企业最低开采规模。矿山企业开采规模必须与矿区的矿产储量规模相适应，严禁大矿小开和乱采滥挖。
“十五”期间，对现有矿山企业的开采规模，进行必要的审查调整，对开采规模与占用储量规模明显不协调的矿山，要限期整改，逾期达不到要求的要依法调整其开采范围。
按照统一规划、合理布局、相对集中、正规开采、保障安全、依法监督的方针，对历史上形成的企业数量众多、矿产开采分散的砖瓦粘土矿山、砂石矿山和水泥灰岩矿山等企业通过重组、整改压缩企业数量，组建大、中型企业（集团），走集约化、规模化经营之路。坚决取缔安全隐患多、破坏环境、浪费资源的企业。
（三）调整矿产品结构我市的矿产品结构比较单一，生产销售原矿多，深加工产品少，首先应在如下方面进行调整。
贵金属矿产逐步开发多种工艺饰品。玉石产品系列化、新颖化。
铅、锌、铜矿的精矿产品比例要大幅度提高。
非金属矿产要加大深加工、精细加工力度，迅速改变销售原矿和初级矿产品的状况。主要增加高岭土、石墨、含钾岩石等有市场前景的深加工矿产品类型，扩大优质石材（辉长岩板材）和新型轻质、节能、环保建材产品的生产，使之成为西安市矿业经济新的增长点。
（四）提高矿产资源开发利用技术水平矿山企业必须按照国家批准的矿山设计或者矿产资源开发利用方案开采矿产资源。开采回采率、采矿贫化率和选矿回收率必须达到规定要求。要不断提高优势矿产中难选冶矿及贫矿的采、选、冶、加工工艺水平，重点推广节能降耗、环境污染少的新技术、新工艺、新设备，提高矿产资源利用效率。
监督和鼓励矿山企业积极开展矿产资源综合利用，在采、选、冶中采用先进技术和工艺提高共、伴生矿产综合回收利用率，2005年要提高3%-5%。
鼓励矿山企业依靠科技进步和创新或引进先进的工艺技术，研究开发新的矿产深加工产品，提高矿产资源经济效益。
鼓励矿山企业与科研院所合作对矿渣、尾矿开展综合利用研究和技术改造，变废为宝，减少环境治理的压力。对目前尚不能经济地开发利用的低品位矿或难选冶矿要采取有效措施予以保护，严禁破坏性开采。

第六章矿山生态环境保护规划一、规划目标和监管体系西安市是我国重要的工业城市和旅游城市，保护好生态环境，建造生态屏障至关重要。在本市开发矿产资源必须坚持“矿产资源开发利用与生态环境保护并重”的方针，按照“谁开发，谁保护，谁污染，谁治理，谁破坏，谁恢复，谁使用，谁补偿”的原则，加强对矿山生态环境和地质环境的保护和恢复治理工作。走绿色矿业之路，最大限度地减轻矿业活动对生态环境的破坏和污染，严禁矿山废水、废气、废渣的无序排放。
建立严格的环保制度和有效的环境动态监管体系，加强监测预报和信息反馈，实行矿山环境目标责任制和环境有偿使用制，逐步实现环境资源的有偿开发。我市2005年的矿山环境保护治理的总目标是生态环境治理率达30%，矿山废水治理合格率达80%，矿山固体废物综合治理、利用率达30%，矿山植被恢复率达20%，矿山地质灾害预防率达95%，土地复垦率达30%。
实施严格的矿山生态环境监督管理，环保部门、国土资源管理部门及其他相关部门分工负责，相互协调，依法行政，全面监管从矿山新建、开发到矿山闭坑全程中矿山生态环境的保护与恢复治理工作。对监管不力者，依据不同情况给予行政处分和经济处罚。
二、主要措施（一）新建矿山生态环境的准入条件新建矿山必须研究论证其对生态环境的影响，提供矿山生态环境调查资料、环境影响评价报告、地质灾害危险性评估报告。矿山开发利用可行性方案中应包括生态环境恢复治理方案、土地

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