Earthquake rescue need to pay attention to?

Earthquake rescue is a more complex rescue, because it will lead to many forms of re-disasters, such as common landslides, fires, etc., so that the "points" of these disasters come together as a "face." It's important if you have a professional rescue team. The following is a description of how to perform scientific rescue under modern and complex building conditions:

First of all, in the different stages of the rescue, we must grasp "quiet, light, slow, and steady". This must be done through the rescue from beginning to end. In addition, it is necessary to “fix the point” to scientifically assess the disaster situation.

1: The excavation process should be " light ". After the building collapses, a metastable structure will be formed. Therefore, maintaining this temporary safety space and maintaining the physiological state of the survivors through timely medical and psychological rescue measures are beneficial to the rescue. If rush to ascend the ruins or use large-scale mechanical excavation, it is likely to lead to unbalanced metastable structures, causing unnecessary and irreversible damage to the survivors or rescuers inside.

2: The rescue process must be " slow ." It is almost impossible to rescue people from the rubble safely. After prolonged oppression, the necrotic muscles produce a large amount of potassium. Once the heavy pressure is removed, potassium can poison the body, especially the internal organs, through blood circulation. The correct approach should be to remove the weight after the bandage has stabilized. In order to save the survivors, there will be amputations at the scene. In fact, it can be avoided in some cases. An important concept of the rescue team is to “safeguard as much as possible and do not take measures blindly”.

3: The search process should be " static ". Because at the scene, rescuers need to use life detectors to detect survivors' messages, and survivors may send weak signals of help or vital signs in the ruins. If the environment is noisy and there are too many people, it will interfere with the signals of the detection equipment and the smell of the rescue dogs.

4. Finally, the process of transshipment should be “ steady ”. From the rescue site to ambulances, to transit hospitals, the physical balance of survivors must be maintained. This is very important.

In the final analysis, these are intended to “avoid secondary harm”: not only should the survivors survive, but they should also be considered for their future life and “save the shortest, but the best” to rescue them. Some may not be the same as the public understands, and sometimes it may even cause misunderstandings.
For example, rescuers hope that they are quiet, light, slow, and steady, but at the scene, the emotional family members are desperately approaching the ruins, or they will complain that the team members have been discussing the action plan for too long. However, the damage done to people in the rubble would be greater than the delay caused by delays in negotiating the plan. And if there is no scientific rescue plan, even if it is rescued, it may result in the survivors being disabled.
It should be pointed out that the aim of the rescue team is to "live more and better." If you search carefully and confirm that there are no survivors, you will leave immediately and compete for the second place to reach the next place where there may be survivors. On this point, some people think that the rescue work is not thorough. In the previous rescue, two members and equipment were detained by the disgruntled public who had appeared in the rescue team.
In addition, it should be noted that a very important link in the rescue process is “on-site assessment”, for example, whether or not there are aftershocks, landslides, etc., for hazard analysis and appropriate exclusion actions. Rescue team members must first save their lives by doing their own security work and should not make unnecessary sacrifices.
In addition, the existing rescue teams are generally focused on "urban search and rescue", but they are not disregarding the rural rescue. Because the focus of the rural and urban rescue is different. The structure of rural houses is relatively simple, and most of them can escape on their own, and there is not much need for “research and rescue of rubble”. What needs to be solved in rural areas is the issue of resettlement and the problem of reversal of food, water, medicine, etc. caused by landslides and road cuts.